Personal Responsibility and College Success Essay

What is personal responsibility and how does it relate to college success? To me personal responsibility is to be accountable for oneself and the people around you, in most any situation, there is no other person to hold accountable for your life than yourself. Everything we do is a direct reflection of your personality and the decisions you make. Morals are something you learn from your parents growing up. They teach you to always do the right thing and try not to make bad decisions. As you get older you’re going to start making important decisions that could affect your future. By doing this your growing into a responsible adult. Being personally responsible also means being able to take responsibility for your actions. What I mean by this is if you do something wrong don’t point the finger at someone else and say they did it. Be a responsible adult and be accountable for yourself and the things you do. When going to college you need to be accountable for your actions and the responsibility to turn in your homework, show up to class on time, get good grades, and study for tests. When going to college identify past problems that could set you back and overcome them in the future. In example if your not good at math go to a book store and buy a math tutor book and read it and it can help you focus on solutions and overcome barriers that you might have. When finding solutions to overcome your barriers don’t make excuses and tell yourself you cant do it. Make a system of checks and balances to help alleviate some stress. So if your studying for a long period of time take a break and do something else for a while then come back and finish. Never tell yourself you can’t do it. By doing this your going to feel better about yourself knowing that you did it and you took your time out of your day and learned something new. When going to college you need to make goals, a goal that is beneficial to your overall success. Your goal must be attainable, taking into consideration your personal resources and abilities. Be persistent when trying to reach your goals and never give up.

Cement Kiln Shell Welding

Cleaned the weld chamfers free from rust preventive coating. * Welded erection irons (20 Nos) on both sides of the joint & pulled the sections together by draw bolt. * Adjusting irons are welded in between the erection irons where shell overlap was found. * Checked the alignment of the shell with Piano wire arrangement. * Gap of 3mm maintained in between the shell joint. * Strong backs will be welded on one shell after initial alignment. * Took polar readings on either side of the joint & both ends of the Shells * Plotted polar diagrams and checked the eccentricity. Tolerances : * Eccentricity (radial run out ) must not exceed * +/- 1. 0 mm of the inlet & outlet rings * +/- 1. 5mm of the erection welds. * +/-1. 4mm of kiln section in the live ring. Axial untruth of live ring must not exceed +/- 1mm * After completion of alignment, weld the strong backs to the other side. Welding of Joint : * Clean the joint surface. * Preheat the joint area of shell ( 1m lg ) to 150 deg * Welding ele ctrodes are to be preheated * Complete the root run on the outer surface of the joint side with 2. 5mm electrode. * Next with 4mm electrode & then 5mm & 6 mm electrodes. Gouge & remove the root run weld from the inner surface of the joint, check with Dye penetrant for any cracks and start the root run inside. * Complete the inside welding. * Check the joint by Ultrasonic testing. * Importance of Pre-heating: * Preheating slows the cooling rate in the weld area. This may be necessary to avoid cracking of the weld metal or heat affected zone.* Hydrogen contributes to delayed weld and /or heat affected zone cracking, hence it is important to keep the weld joint free of oil, rust, paint, and moisture as they are sources of hydrogen. * Electrodes used ( 1-2 joint) : FLS 9721 : E 7018 (3. 15mm ) Bottom runs * FLS 9721 : E 7018 (4. 00mm) * FLS 9721 : E 7018 (5mm) * FLS 9732 : E 6027 for Cover Run * E 7018 E 6027 * Yield stress : 410-480360-410 N/sq. mm * Tensile strength :510-590 440-490 N /sq. mm * Elongation : 28% 27 * Impact (Charpy V) * +20deg c – approx. 14090 * Electrodes used (other joints) : * FLS 9727 : E 9018 (3. 15mm ) * FLS 9727 : E 9018 (4. 00mm) * FLS 9727 : E 9018 (5mm) * FLS 9727: E 9018 ( 6mm) E 9018: Yield stress : 490-590 N/sq. mm Tensile strength : 640-740 N/sq. mm Elongation : 25% Impact (Charpy V) +20deg c – approx. 180

Assignment from readings

8-17 Fairfax Recreation Center (Internal Controls at a Fitness Center) The Fairfax Recreation Center is a neighborhood fitness center equipped with an indoor swimming pool, exercise equipment, and a running track. The Center is open seven days a week, from 8:00 A. M. to 10:00 P. M. Stationed just inside the front doors is a turnstile. An employee oversees access through the turnstile. Before anyone can enter the facility, they must either present their membership card or pay a $6 daily fee. When the employee at the turnstile collects cash for daily fees, he or she also has the visitor complete a waiver form. The employee then deposits the cash in a locked box and files the forms. At the end of each day the Recreation Center accountant collects the cash box, opens it, removes the cash, and counts it. The accountant then gives a receipt for the cash amount to the employee on turnstile duty. The accountant takes the cash to the bank each evening. The next morning, the accountant makes an entry in the cash receipts journal for the amount indicated on the bank deposit slip. Susan Porcano, the Fairfax Recreation Center General Manager, has some concerns about the internal controls over cash. However, she is concerned that the cost of additional controls may outweigh the benefits. She decides to ask the organization’s outside auditor to review the internal control procedures and to make suggestions for improvement. Assume that you are the outside auditor. Indicate weaknesses in the existing internal control system over cash admission fees and recommend one improvement for each of the weaknesses you identified. Organize your answers as follows: 9-15. Identify one or more control procedures (either general or application controls, or both) that would guard against each of the following errors or problems. a. Leslie Thomas, a secretary at the university, indicated that she had worked 40 hours on her regular time card. The university paid her for 400 hours worked that week. Apply a separation of duties control. The data processor will input the hours worked and that can be verified by the accounting manager for accuracy. Another control that can be added to this is to establish a limit in the AIS for total hours worked so that no value above that number can be inputted. This will detract from more hours worked being inputted in the first place. b. The aging analysis indicated that the Grab and Run Electronics Company account was so far in arrears that the credit manager decided to cut off any further credit sales to the company until it cleared up its account. Yet, the following week, the manager noted that three new sales had been made to that company—all on credit. Utilization of administrative controls would work in this instance. When designing the IS, there should be the ability to note an account for lack of payment and temporarily suspend the account until necessary action is taken. c. The Small Company employed Mr. Fineus Eyeshade to perform all its accounts receivable data processing. Mr. Eyeshade’s 25 years with the company and his unassuming appearance helped him conceal the fact that he was embezzling cash collections from accounts receivable to cover his gambling losses at the race track. The duel observation control and separation of duties would work here. Have two people document the receivables as they come in and have Mr. , Eyeshades reconcile the accounts based off of that. d. The Blue Mountain Utility Company was having difficulty with its customer payments. The payment amounts were entered directly into a terminal, and the transaction file thus created was used to update the customer master file. Among the problems encountered with this system were the application of customer payments to the wrong accounts and the creation of multiple customer master file records for the same account. The AIS should incorporate an unfound record test and also a check digit control procedure. This will ensure that the account number being entered is correct and that no other file has been produced. e. The Landsford brothers had lived in Center County all their lives. Ben worked for the local mill in the accounts payable department, and Tom owned the local hardware store. The sheriff couldn’t believe that the brothers had created several dummy companies that sold fictitious merchandise to the mill. Ben had the mill pay for this merchandise in its usual fashion, and he wrote off the missing goods as ‘‘damaged inventory. ’’ Ben does not appear to be a manager, so there should be a separation of duties with in the accounts payable department. The documents should be prepared by Ben, but should also be verified by a manger. There should also be internal audits that would bring to light any redundancies on approving officials or names within the organization. 9-16. Identify one or more control procedures (either general or application controls, or both) that would guard against each of the following errors or problems. a. A bank deposit transaction was accidentally coded with a withdrawal code. Feedback mechanism in the form of a receipt will identify this incident. The use of an edit test would check for b. The key-entry operator keyed in the purchase order number as a nine-digit number instead of an eight-digit number. AIS should have a check for the number of digits in that field. If the field is only 8 digits then it should be formatted not allow for anything more or less. c. The date of a customer payment was keyed 2001 instead of 2010. A feedback mechanism such as a payment slip/receipt would be used to verify the information. Also, a reasonable test would be appropriate to ensure that the date is not past a certain value. d. A company employee was issued a check in the amount of ? $135. 65 because he had not worked a certain week, but most of his payroll deductions were automatic each week. An edit test of sign†¦. meaning ensuring that the value was a positive number†¦. rejecting a negative value in the payroll system. e. A patient filled out her medical insurance number as 123465 instead of 123456. Edit test of reasonableness†¦the insurance number field would have to fall within a valid range of values to be accepted. f. An applicant for the company stock option plan filled out her employee number as 84-7634-21. The first two digits are a department code. There is no department 84. Unfound record test would work for this. If the master file is not found for department 84 then the master file would reject the transaction. g. A high school student was able to log onto the telephone company’s computer as soon as he learned what telephone number to call. The use of biometrics wouldn’t allow the student just to know a phone number and be able to log onto computers h. The accounts receivable department sent 87 checks to the computer center for processing. No one realized that one check was dropped along the way and that the computer therefore processed only 86 checks. A batch control document with a list of all the checks that need to be processed is appropriate. On the document will also contain a total dollar amount of all the checks.

PHYSICAL PRIVACY Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

PHYSICAL PRIVACY - Coursework Example For our current assignment though, I am going to take one ethical issue that was embedded into that business decision and discuss it in great detail. I will do my best to discover all of the facts that I will need in order to create an informed analysis of this particular ethical issue and make some suggestions pertaining to how the ethical issue may be dealt with by the insurance company prior to it actually becoming an ethical situation that the company has to handle. For this particular assignment, I have chosen to deal with the problem of Agent Honesty when it comes to their treatment of client policies and collection agreements. In order to deal with this problem, the insurance company must first acknowledge the fact that the agents have a strong tendency to commit fraud once they have a non-exclusive partnership with the insurance company. Since they are basically freelancers, they do not answer directly to the company for any of their actions. If an insurance company uses too many independent agents, the possibility of being able to monitor all of their client based actions diminishes. Independent agents prefer having the more limited relationship that their status provides with the company as opposed to an exclusive agent who is bound by more company rules and regulations in terms of ethics. That is why in the case of independent agents, the tendency of the insurance company is to have a narrow and specific view of the agent's business actions. The company will tend to not care too much about the actions of their independent agents without realizing that the unethical actions of the independent agents will have clear ramifications for their company as well in terms of protecting their clients against fraud. It is most likely that not all independent agents are aware of the fact that they are committing fraud in certain instances due to their lack of proper manpower training in terms of insurance sales services. Therefore, it is important that the compan y reiterate the importance of honesty in all their business dealings in order to preserve the image of the company with future clients, and enhance their company image with their existing client base. Agents need to always be ethical and compliant of all government insurance standards. There is no gray area in this matter. Rogue insurance agents can cause the insurance company a sizable amount of fines and potential financial losses through fraud related lawsuits that the company will find itself facing. Considering the lack of company based supervision of independent agents, it would seem more logical for insurance companies to deal with exclusive agents instead since they can have a more personal relationship with these agents whose actions and portfolios are open and easily accessible to the company. Thus making it easier to detect ethical violations at any given time. It is of the utmost importance that insurance companies be highly observant of their independent agent's pattern s of behavior or financial transactions over a period of time. This will help the company sniff out the potential abnormalities in the actions of the agent that could signify that the agent is involved in fraudulent actions against the company clients and the company itself. This can usually be determined by observing the agent's pattern of payment submission to the insurance com

U.S. History Civil War-Present Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

U.S. History Civil War-Present - Assignment Example On the other hand, social conservatism were those who were staunch supporters of social values. The two types of conservatives have worked towards building the political position of America up o where it is as of now. Different leaders supported conservatism in their own ways. For instance, President J. F. Kennedy, illuminated conservatism by advocating that all rights of the people are protected. During the 80’s president Ronald Regan favored the conservative side by reducing taxes, deregulation, increasing the US military budget, just to mention but a few (Berkin, 1865). This era was dubbed as the ‘’Regan era’’. Initially, conservatism was only associated with the Republican Party. However, things started changing in the 50’s where southerners became conservatives due to segregation. This triggered a coalition that helped to foster domestic legislation. The union of the two conservatives came up with ideologies that were not well received by the Soviet Union. In the end, the Soviet Union could no longer trust the United States hence the beginning of a historical rivalry (Berkin, 1865). The Soviet Union was so engrossed in its bid to expand communism that it started creating alliances with different nations against America. In the end, America is seen as a country whose cultural structure influences how politics are run. And this works best for America as a nation. In as much as the Soviet Union was not impressed by this move, the American culture stood the test of time of the soviet’s opposition. The 1980s American history shaped the nature of difference in cultural and social standings in the state. Reagan’s administration applied various responsive measures to balance these differences. A later influx of other cultures such as Latinos and Asians made these efforts more difficult. In the 1980s the United States embarked on a worldwide mission to spread its democratic ideals. It is the systems and institutions set up during this time that

The Man with Head of Blue Hortensias Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Man with Head of Blue Hortensias - Essay Example The paper "The Man with Head of Blue Hortensias" will be the formal analysis of the two famous paintings. Gazing at the painting and then taking notes on what is observed can be the best strategy to achieve this. The Man with Head of Blue Hortensias is a painting done by Salvador Dali, a prominent Spanish surrealist artist. He had a range of art work that included photography, statuettes, cooperation with other artists, and paintings. Salvador was recognized for his extraordinary art work. Many accredit his artistic skills to the inspiration he got from the masters of rebirth. This paper will look at the painting depth, iconography, and color. In the Painting Depth, The Man with Head of Blue Hortensias, Salvador Dali tries to create depth in a number of ways. First, the male stature is perceived to be seating on a small rock near other large ones with his head bent or seating in a vertical position, depending on the position one is viewing the painting. The use of slightly bright col ors makes the rocks and the male stature appear close. In addition, there are dark clouds in the sky. The use of darker colors helps to make some rocks and the clouds appear to be far away. There seems to be a pathway separating the towering rocks on the left and where the male shape is seated. It appears close due to the slightly brighter color used. The rocks that have been painted in blue appear further away than those painted in brown. This goes a long way in depicting depth in the painting.

Indigenous Studies 301-Assignment#5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Indigenous Studies 301- #5 - Assignment Example The stories are critically examined, reflected upon, and brought to life by being unified into the experience of the audience and the storyteller (Bopp et al., 2004). According to Bopp et al. (2004), Little Bear reflects several factors and evidences in naturalizing indigenous education and knowledge. Bear reflects that there are abundant studies since the 1960s that have evaluated factors and evidence in the Canadian education system. The evidence and factors reveal that the reason for the Canadian education system’s failure to aid Aboriginal students and learners in achieving their potential. Additionally, the Canadian education systems have also continuously and consistently been reportedly insensitive to the education wants, needs, weaknesses and strengths of Aboriginal peoples. The systems have resisted making the curricular, infrastructure, and pedagogical changes needed to commendable service Aboriginal students (Bopp et al., 2004). According to Bopp et al. (2004), Taiaiake Alfred encourages Indigenous people to live similar to Onkwehonwe, the original people. People should undertake a journey of living commitment to significant change in their lives and to transform the society by recreating their existences, regenerating their cultures, and rushing against the forces that keep them bound to their colonial past. The path is of the struggle laid out by the personalities who have come before them. Taiakiake says that now it is the peoples’ turn, to choose to relinquish the memories of colonialism and face the challenge of creating a new certainty for the nation for the young and the old alike. Bopp et al. (2004) acknowledges that it is through rejecting and forgetting the acts of racism and other colonial mistreatments that naturalizing indigenous education will be possible. Towards naturalizing indigenous knowledge, Little Bear identifies factors as â€Å"the way it should

Louis Paul Pojmans Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Louis Paul Pojmans Argument - Essay Example Man is a social animal and it is difficult for him to lead an isolated life. We are connected to many entities in this world and therefore our actions may affect others also. For example, if a person committed a crime, the police will interrogate all his relatives and family members in order to collect evidence. In other words, the crime committed by a person may affect others as well. If one person kills another, the relatives of both the killer and the killed will be suffered along with the killer. The person who was killed may have a wife, parents, and children. The wife lost her husband whereas the children lost their father. The parents lost their son and the neighbors might have lost a good friend. Same way the killer may also have all the same entities and they also will suffer because of the killer’s criminal act. In other words, even if the criminal is a single entity, many other entities suffer because of the actions of the single entity. In short, even if we arrest the criminal and punish him, the persons who lost their beloved one may not get much in return. Under such circumstances, Pigman's arguments seem to be good on paper, but in practice, it is difficult to achieve. It is a fact that we deserve what we earn. But it is difficult to limit the earnings within ourselves because of the complex relationship within the human community. Human has emotions and feelings and it is difficult to lead an emotionless or feeling less life. We can argue that the hardworking fellows should be rewarded properly whereas criminals or culprits should be punished. But we cannot argue hardworking fellows always get rewards whereas the criminals always get punishments. At the time of writing this paper, world cup football is going on.     

Employee Relations in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Employee Relations in UK - Essay Example It will be useful for management to conduct seminars and training sessions wherein the see the applicability of employee right in real-case scenarios In the United Kingdom, the Employment Relations Act (1999) was adopted by the government to provide better working standards for employees. It is intended to improve relations between an organization and its employees by fostering a new climate of co-operation between the worker and the employer. This act lays down the need to implement a statutory procedure for trade unions to be recognized as organizations which speak or put forth the interests of the organization's employees ( Such a procedure needs to be adopted by any organizations where the employees exceeds 20). The Employment Relations Act (1999), states that any independent public body such as the Central Arbitration Committee should be given due recognition in cases where a majority members of the workforce of an organization are union members. This law empowers employees by bringing out provisions that protect their rights and also strengthens their rights to belong to unions. Through this law workers have the right to be accompanied by a trade union official at disciplinary and grievance hearings. As a result of this law, it is not possible for employers to dismiss employees who are taking official, lawfully-organized industrial action. One of the hall-marks of this law is that it promotes ideas for a friendly working atmosphere and reforms tribunal awards for unfair dismissal. After the implementation of this act, it effectiveness was reviewed by government authorities. The review reveals that the act has been well-implemented and has succeeded in its purpose to improve employee relations. Through this act the procedure for recognition of trade unions has been carried out smoothly and efficiently. In the case of any issues of employee grievances, these issues are resolved very quickly, say within less than half the time. After this law came into effect, what was noticed was that inter-union disputes and legal challenges have drastically come down. The Act has encouraged voluntary settlement of recognition claims since its implementation and as a result, there have been about over 1,000 voluntary recognition agreements in the United Kingdom. Speaking on the effect of the implementation of the Employment Act, the Employment Relations Minister, Alan Johnson, said that there was evidence which showed that the law was doing what it proposed to do. As a result of the law, the number of strikes have comes down and the number of people who were employed was increasing. There is a real change in the attitude of employers towards employees and this has fostered an atmosphere wherein employers and employee are not just working together, but working together really well. Employee relations and handling disputes The Employment Act in 2002, made more improvements in the handling of employee relations. It lays down a set of procedures for managing disputes at the workplace. As per the new provisions, all employers must by October 2004, follow a procedure to deal with disputes. This procedure is a three-step process which ensures that disputes are discussed at work. As per this procedure, the dispute or grievance which an employee has against the employer must be set out in writing. All details must be

School education Essay Example for Free

School education Essay I. Problem/Needs a. San Nicolas Elementary School (s. y. 2013-2014) has 765 enrollees, 43 teachers, non-teaching, staffs, personnel, including its maintenance. Previous school years, survey through interview shows that the school has no canteen. What they did was a classroom canteen wherein teachers allow outside vendors to sell foods, snacks in each classroom during break time. This practice made wrong impact and its advantages to the entire school campus. Instead of 30 minutes break time, survey shows they have 45 minutes and lessons are affected. b. Outside vendors are not known by the pupils and teachers. They just offer their cooked foods to students without knowing or not sure with the safetiness of what they are going to take in. They don’t know how and who made the foods. Other parents also go inside the school to give snacks to eat to their children during recess time which make break time longer. School staffs observed this situation and they made a decision to really have canteen as soon as possible. c. During the first meeting of the school year 2013-2014, the PTA meeting tackled the topic about school canteen, they should have it. As a situation to the need of the school, the principal set another meeting to meet interested parents who wants to manage the canteen. As a result, school pupils, teachers and other personnel now have their break time properly. Manager of the canteen improved the school canteen, and prepared it for the new canteen. Now, San Nicolas Elementary School is nearly for safer, healthier and more convenient canteen for everyone. II. Statement of Vision, Mission and Values Vision: The school will provide a good source of foods for the pupils, teachers and parents of the school. Healthy foods, price of foods will surely be right for everyone. Mission: The school will have a canteen on its own, managed by the school itself or any representatives from the PTA member. Foods will surely be healthy and nutritious. Kind of foods to sold will be strictly monitored to sure the safetiness of all the entire school. Values: Having a school canteen will promote orderly and organized school especially on break time. Everyone in school should support its canteen that could help in the progress and improvement of the entire school. III. Marketing plan a. Research and Analysis: It is more than two years when San Nicolas Elementary School has no canteen. Former managements of school canteen believed that their services and foods offer are not satisfying. It was observed by our interviews that students and teachers would more like to go out or buy outside their snacks during break time. In addition to that, price of the previous canteen are not affordable by the students. PTA meeting was conducted and during the said meeting, the principal announced that all parents who are interested to manage the school canteen this school year 2013-2014 is free to pass bid form containing rental which is the highest offer as a rental of the school will have the opportunity to handle the canteen. The form also contains the expected menus, foods offered and its prices. The monthly rental of the school canteen will be an income of the school which will be used for school improvements at the end of the school year. This move of the school as a solution of the problem believes that it will turn to an advantage of the entire school. Students and teachers will be comfortable to spend their break time inside the canteen, safetiness and healthy foods will be as sure. Accidents will be impossible because students will no longer go out to nearby stores to buy foods and also monthly income of the school will be at stake. b. Marketing Strategies: Students will be the first customer of the canteen, so offers will be for students at most. Foods will be based on the taste of the consumers so as by the teachers also. Foods will be simple snacks so that prices will also be affordable and reasonable especially for ordinary students. Prices will be strictly monitored. Special promos or simple promo will also be given. Simple promo like free juice or offering discounted prices on sets of snack items. Like: 1 special miki regular price is Php 15. 00 with boiled egg on toppings plus 1 refresh juice is at Php 6. 00= student will pay only Php 20. 00| Foods or snacks will be changeable, based on what is saleable to consumers. IV. Production Plan Quantity| Unit| Supplies| 533050102550301010| KilosKilosPcs. SticksBoxesPcs. Pcs. SticksBagsBags| PancitMikiBoiled eggBarbecueAsstd. Fruit drinksSandwichesShanghaiBanana cueAsstd. BiscuitsAsstd. cupcakes|

Network Management Justification for Handmade Furniture Ltd

Network Management Justification for Handmade Furniture Ltd Based on the initial inspections carried out recently, Handmade Furniture Ltd has experienced difficulties managing the IT infrastructure as well as providing IT support for staff. The existing network management and support services are carried out in an uncontrolled procedures which have resulted in number of data losses and possible hacking attempts. This can lead to future compromises such as financial losses, disruption of services etc., which can tarnish companys reputation. This report includes the justifications of selecting network management plan for the company based on the current infrastructure and future implementations. The selection of the choice should consider multiple criteria which are costs, security and administrative controls as key points along with technical expertise.Report consists of terms of reference followed by justification for the selection of network management plan, elements of network management plan, options for improving IT support and recommendations.The suggested network management plan will be extended for the proposed network infrastructure and security upgrade project in near future. The scope of this report is to provide guidance on selecting an option for IT support by preparing a network management plan. The reports prepared for the reference of the Handmade Furniture Ltd board members. Report includes key elements of the network management plan and excludes technical details of design or configurations and product descriptions. Main sections are the elements of network management plan including fault management, configuration management, accounting management, performance management and security management. There will be several follow up reports after which include technical plan. This will be submitted after the IT staff have been hired. Overview It is suggested to have own IT support staff and completely manage and maintain IT support in-house for an agreed number of months. Once the IT operations are streamlined and new upgrades completed, IT support outsourcing option needs to be selected. As the Initial step, Handmade Furniture Ltd should identify the IT staffing needs. This should include identifying the job role, qualifications and experience level and the communication hierarchy. This step requires in-house human resource skills to recruit staff based on the recommended staffing needs. The option of selecting permanent IT staff or contract staff needs to be done carefully. The higher level positions need to be permanent whereas desktop support etc. can be on contract basis. Furthermore, the web development project needs to be outsourced as there is no need to have a permanent web developer in-house. Once the IT staff are available, next step is to assign job roles and duties to the staff. Along with the job roles, the immediate supervisors need to be listed. In addition to daily job role, IT team will have additional work to streamline the current network infrastructure and the operational procedures. Most important point is to have backup staff. Each IT job role needs to be backfilled with another staff member. There will be two sub plans included in the management plan. These are : 1. Plan to manage the network infrastructure restructuring. 2. Plan to maintain the new network operations and procedures. First sub plan will provide IT staff with adequate training to prepare for the upcoming network upgrades. Second sub plan is to use in-house IT staff for network management within the company. Justification of network management plan selection As opposed to IT support outsourcing, use of in-house IT staff has several advantages. Considering the existing network issues and incidents as well as operational procedures, company needs to have major changes. Subsequently this can result in backup/archiving companys data, changing passwords and creating user accounts etc.   The most important asset of the company is its data. Therefore, use of an outsourced party to handle companys data is not a recommended practice. (Vigeant, 2015). The upcoming project for network upgrades include implementing a WIFI system, upgrading all PCs   and   moving emails and systems   to cloud. These tasks require handling user accounts, data as well as security procedures . There will be high level of readiness for the future projects by establishing an in-house IT staff. One of the downside of the in-house IT staff is the operational cost when considering employed funds, claims and expenses. On the other hand, there is a big competition between the IT support companies offering attractive costs for maintaining networks. However most of these offers include limited number of support engineers compared to a team of staff available in house. The more support staff available in the outsource team more budget required. (Rossi, 2016) Another advantage is the efficiency of communication. With an in-house IT support team, there will be two levels of communication between staff and the manager or senior staff member. With an outsourced IT support team, there can be multiple levels of communication such as between managers/senior staff, senior level to junior level etc. A help desk is required to manage IT support requests handled by an outsourced IT team. At the current level, company should streamline the IT operations before implementing a help desk. Therefore, company is not in a good position to outsource IT operations. With the implementation of new proposed IT procedures such as cloud based email, etc. there can be more frequent support incidents as users are new to these applications. Assign to handle a large volume of incidents by an outsourced team can be expensive and inefficient without implementing a help desk. On the other hands, once new systems and network elements are in place, there can be an increase in IT support incidents. Therefore, having more IT support staff in house can be an extra cost. At this stage, best option is to outsource IT support. (Vigeant, 2015). One of the major decision point of the selection of in-house or outsourced solution is the size of the network. Generally a network with 50-100 PCs is consider as a small to medium business. It is not required to have a large IT support team as the supports requests can be handled in house. (Gluck, n.d.). Followings are the key benefits of outsourcing IT support (Editors, n.d.)  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reduce labor cost  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Can focus on key business  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Less training is needed as outsourced IT staff should have the required skills. IT Staff requirements Selecting skilled IT staff is essential for the successes of the management plan .There are no IT staff to train the new staff, So the new IT staff need to be able to work with minimum supervision and guidance. Following is an overview of the skills required. Role Skills/Qualifications Experience Comment Head of IT PM, Information security, Networking 10+ Years Optional ( If available in house) Senior network administrator Microsoft Windows server, Wireless networking, Cloud office 365 5+ Years Network administrators Microsoft Windows server/desktop, Wireless networking, Cloud office 365,cabling 3-5 years Desktop support Microsoft Windows desktop, Hardware, Wireless networking 1-2 Years Web Developer Web design/development skills 3-5 Years Needs to be outsourced Table 1: In-house IT staff requirements Job roles for IT staff This is important to define level of authority and responsibilities. At present, there are unrestricted controls between staff. Most important point is that no single person assigned responsibilities. Each task should have a backup person assigned. Security management -Install and configure central antivirus console This is required because currently the virus guards are installed as standalone in each PC. Monitoring of virus guards is not easy with this setup. It is not a good practice to assign users to monitor virus guards. Installation of new antivirus has to be done by the network administrators and the monitoring needs to be done on daily basis by the SNR network administrator. Also, a report on a given frequency can be submitted automatically to head of IT. (Safari, n.d.) Accounting Management -Configure a central backup plan User data for all the PCs has to backup automatically to a central storage. Existing NAS storage can be used for this. The important point is that data must be backed up automatically on a schedule. Two options available for this 1. Use backup software to backup files to NAS 2. Create folders for each user in server and the folders should backup to NAS storage. Also network segments need to be used (Ex Virtual Networks or VLANs) to provide access control, based on users and groups. Also, a directory service is required so that each user has their own user account and password. This helps to apply access controls to folders and files based on user ownership. Fault Management -Implement a help desk The existing and current IT support requests can be better handled by implementing a help desk. Help desk provides reporting and monitoring facilities for support requests. (Safari, n.d.)   Once company plans to outsource IT support,this help desk can be useful to manage the outsource team as well. However, since all the offices and users are in one location, having a help desk is not mandatory and the implementation is subjected to cost. Help desk has two options: 1. Develop a customized help desk (This needs to be outsourced). 2. Buy an off the shelf help desk product. Configuration management -Network and operational procedure documentation At present, there is no documentations about user accounts, configurations etc. This can cause critical issues especially in a crisis situation. As an element of the network management Plan, Company should start documenting all networks and IT related configurations, credentials etc. All changes have to be approved by head of IT and a sequence of version needs to be used. Documentations need to be stored as hard copies and soft copies in a secure place. (Safari, n.d.) Performance management Implement a network monitoring system There needs to be a network monitoring system (NMS) which provides network performance, speed, errors and alarms etc. in real time. This should have features to send alerts to administrators via SMS, generate reports etc.   One of the examples of a NMS is SOLARWINDS. (Solarwinds.com, n.d.)    Diagram 1-   Monitoring plan work percentage As shown in the diagram above overall management plan can be divided into 5 phases according to FCAPS model for network management. Out of these phases configuration management requires highest amount of time and effort followed by fault management.   The reason for this is that currently there is zero level of documentation. Also no standard fault management procedure is in use.   Performance management requires less effort as the network is currently in acceptable performance level. Under accounting management more work will need to be done in proposed future project as there is a need for a directory to manage user accounts via server. Two options for having in-house IT staff at the initial stage is either to hire permanent staff or hire contract staff. Company needs a senior level IT manager on permanent basis to manage in-house IT staff as well as any future outsourcing requirements.   Desktop support and junior network administrators can be hired on contract basis either on an hourly rate or a fixed cost. However, the IT manager should ensure that all work done is being documented in order to provide continuous support services. After the initial stages of the management plan there should be reviews to decide to go with an outsourced option or to continue in-house IT support. The website development and help desk implementation work needs to be outsourced. Having these resources in -house is an additional financial overhead.Two options to outsource IT support services are either to   outsourced engineers internally within the company or to request support as required using either on-call or remote support. The first option requires extra operational cost for space, electricity and power etc. However, this option is more recommended than the second option. Second option requires service level agreement (SLA) with strict terms on initial response time. Also, this option requires a help desk to be maintained to log incidents and manage response time. In terms of help desk a customized help desk is most suitable as most of the off the shelf packages have extra features which is not required and is adding extra cost. Also, most of the outsourced companies offer a help desk service, included in their services being offered. This can be considered as well. It is recommended to have in-house IT staff for the initial stages of the network management plan and for the duration of proposed new network upgrades.   Company has to take the decision of continuing with in-house IT staff or outsource IT support services at the end of the implementations. The decision might be based on cost, number of incidents, as well as other operational policies and procedures. Having an in-house senior level managerial position to provide overall management of the IT services is mandatory. At present, company has zero level of IT support. From this point up to the completion of network upgrades, continuous support service is required with extra effort involving outside of the office hours work as well. With an IT outsource team, this is not practical as there are agreed work time in an outsourced agreement. The extra hours might be charged separately with a higher rate. Use of FCAPS model for network management is recommended as the five areas of these models is essential for the management plan. Documentation plan is an important sub plan of the overall plan. Company needs to start from level zero in documentation. Documentation includes network configurations, user accounts and passwords, file permission for users, backup plan as well as hardware warranty and software license vendor details.It is expected to increase efficiency after implementing the help desk. Managing operational procedures through help desk saves time and cost. The final conclusion is that Handmade Furniture Ltd requires in-house IT staff at the initial stage of the network management plan. Further they should recruit a senior level person as the level of CIO and head of IT for overall IT management role. In addition to this, company should start documenting all IT related work, configurations and procedures. Editors, A. (n.d.). The Benefits of Outsourcing for Small Businesses | AllBusiness.com. [online] AllBusiness.com. Available at: https://www.allbusiness.com/the-benefits-of-outsourcing-for-small-businesses-2-1084-1.html [Accessed 27 Feb. 2017]. Gluck, S. (n.d.). Benefits Vs. Risks of Outsourcing IT Services. [online] Smallbusiness.chron.com. Available at: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/benefits-vs-risks-outsourcing-services-2504.html [Accessed 26 Feb. 2017]. Phifer, L. (2003). WLAN security: Best practices for wireless network security. [online] http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/. Available at: . http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/WLAN-security-Best-practices-for-wireless-network-security [Accessed 26 Feb. 2017]. Rossi, B. (2016). In-house vs. outsourced IT: what makes the most business sense?. [online] Information Age. Available at: http://www.information-age.com/house-vs-outsourced-it-what-makes-most-business-sense-123461194/ [Accessed 26 Feb. 2017]. Safari. (n.d.). Example of Adapting a Network Maintenance Model [Book]. [online] Available at: https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/ccnp-routing-and/9780133149906/ch01lev3sec14.html [Accessed 27 Feb. 2017]. Solarwinds.com. (n.d.). Network Management Software Network Tools | SolarWinds. [online] Available at: http://www.solarwinds.com/network-management-software [Accessed 27 Feb. 2017]. Vigeant, S. (2015). In-House vs. Outsourced IT Staffing: The Pros and Cons. [online] Dataev.com. Available at: http://www.dataev.com/it-experts-blog/in-house-vs.-outsourced-it-staffing-the-pros-and-cons [Accessed 25 Feb. 2017].

Essays --

Expansionism overseas in the 1800’s became a very indispensable factor to the United States we know today. The issue of acquiring overseas territories in the 1800’s was very controversial because many citizens felt it was â€Å"un-American† because the U.S itself went through that with the colonization of Britain. However, the government did not consider that when taking into account the interest that came with taking these lands. Economically the Philippines gave the United States potential access to Chinese markets and they also saw advantage of the cheap raw materials in Latin America. Militarily, because the merchant ships were unarmed and carried all their products therefore its required military presence for protection. Also the United States found they competing against France, Germany and Britain, which had the largest navies in the world. The U.S also felt that their presence in the pacific would give them power of the port of Hawaii which was used a re fueling stop for ships headed to Asia. Another very important factor with the expansion overseas was the culture that being taken to them. Many Americans felt superior to other people in the work because the Christian religion made them morally better than everyone else. Due to that fact, missionaries were sent o these countries so they can covert and adapt to the culture and become more â€Å"American and white† and this led to the boxer rebellion in china. Economically the United States was trying to override the rest of the world. Back then and even today people around the world see the United States as a country with money and a land of opportunities. Industrialization in the late 1800s increased the need to trade with other countries. Nothing was dependent on man but instead... ...t to the climax, which later on they did. Even though most of those territories were lost the U.S still managed to keep the relationship it has with other countries. The United States and the issue of acquiring land overseas was not at all something easy to do. From being a weak nation to becoming more economic, militarily and morally superior whom they did accomplished. Even though this concept of expansionism overseas was displayed as a good thing it was truly a hard task to accomplish. Many other countries were willing to go to war with the United States for the territories but even then the U.S still came out reigning successful. Trade was really the main reason for this, to try and find a new way to have open markets and develop allies with other countries, which ultimately and even still is imperative to have in order to have a lot of income for the country.

Daniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe - The First Fiction :: Defoe Robinson Crusoe Essays

Robinson Crusoe: The First Fiction Daniel Defoe is credited with writing the first long fiction novel in literary history. Drawing from established literary genres such as the guide and providence traditions and the spiritual biography, Defoe endeavored to illustrate the life of a man who "tempted Providence to his ruine (Defoe 13)" and the consequences of such actions. While stranded alone on an island the character of Robinson Crusoe seems to have a religious epiphany about the role of Providence in his life and resolves to live in accordance with God's will. However, Crusoe's internal reflections throughout his narrative and his actions do not correlate, causing the reader to question the validity of this conversion. By examining the plot and the process of psychological change Crusoe undergoes, it becomes apparent that "he experiences and accepts divine control but that control can only be realized in the free context he has himself created (359)." When push comes to shove, Crusoe reverts to human instinct and his own impulses rather than what he perceives to be the will of Providence. Crusoe uses his newfound religion only when convenient and as a means to justify his actions and an acceptable reason for everything unfortunate that happens. When he finally does leave the island and returns to society, Crusoe's faith is tested and fails miserably, with practically no mention of Providence towards the end of the story. At the beginning of the novel, Crusoe introduces himself and establishes that his narrative is a memoir of sorts, and is told while looking through more experienced, wise eyes than when he originally experienced his story. This is important to note, because his discourse is shaded with hindsight and interpreted through a mind that has come to accept Providence's hand in his life. For example, when the Turks capture Crusoe and he is enslaved, he reflects by saying, "now the Hand of Heaven had overtaken me, and I was undone without Redemption. But alas! This was but a Taste of th e Misery I was to go thro' (15)." Because Crusoe is recalling the events from memory, as well as the lack of input from any other characters, his reliability can be questioned as a narrator. An unreliable narrator is one who may be in error in his or her understanding or report of things and who thus leaves readers without the guides needed for making judgements.

Analysis of Massachusetts’ Health Care System :: essays research papers

Analysis of Massachusetts’ Health Care System Merna Chung   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Massachusetts is located in the northeastern section of the United States with a land area of 7 ,838 sq. miles. It is nicknamed the Bay State. The total population of Massachusetts is 6,016,425. Massachusetts has a white majority with the protection of the rights of minorities. There is no single body responsible for making and enforcing health care policy. The majority of the population is White 5,405,374 ( 89.8 % ) ; Blacks 300,130 ( 5.0 % ) ; Hispanic 287,549 ( 4.8 % ) ; Asian 143,392 ( 2.4 % ) ; and the American Indian 12,241 ( 0.2 % ). The median age is 33.4 years. 22.5 % is under 18 and 13.6 % is over 65 years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The major industries are Health Care , tourism, education , farming , and fishing making this state more rural than urban. It is not economically depressed because tourism has become an important factor in the economy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Health care is a major industry in Massachusetts. It has seen a rapid growth in managed care organizations in recent years. These organizations strive to deliver high quality health care in a cost – effective manner by using our health care premiums to contract with doctors and hospitals. Two – thirds to three quarters of Massachusetts residents receive their health care through managed care organizations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many health care systems and managed care organizations in Massachusetts. To name a few - Caregroup Health Care System ; Northeast Health Systems ; Partners Health Care Systems , Inc. Aetna Health Care ; Cigna Health Care of Massachusetts ; ConnectiCare of Massachusetts ; Fallon Community Health Plan ; Harvard Pilgrim Health Care , Inc. ; Health New England , Inc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In general the population of Massachusetts is very healthy considering that there are so many health care organizations. Massachusetts General Hospital was founded in 1811 and is the third oldest general hospital in the United States and the oldest and largest in New England. This medical center has 820 beds and offers highly sophisticated diagnostic and therapeutic care in every specialty and subspecialty of medicine and surgery. Massachusetts General Hospital Admits approximately 35,000 in patients each year and handles more than 1 million visits in its outpatient programs at the main campus and at its four health centers. Annually the emergency department at the main campus handle about 80,000 visits.

Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology

DMLT Q1. Full Form of DMLT? Ans. Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology. Q2. Duration of the Course? Ans. Duration of DMLT course is 2 years. But each college has different duration for Example Grant Medical College has 1 1/2 duration. Q3. Which Institute in Mumbai provides DMLT? Ans. DMLT Courses are offered by colleges, universities as well as hospitals. The hospitals are usually affiliated with a college or university. 1. Kishinchand Chellaram College(Churchgate). 2. Ghanshyamdas Saraf Girls College Of Arts & Commerce(Malad). . Institute Of Medical & Paramedical Sciences(Dadar). 4. Bombay Para Medical Institute(Chembur). 5. ST Johns Paramedical College(Dadar). 6. Grant Medical College(Byculla). Q4. Eligibility and Fees Structure. Ans. HSC passed or equivalent examination from a recognized university or board. Q6. Advantage and Earning and Disadvantages Ans. The salary of clinical laboratory workers ranges from Rs. 6,500 – Rs. 10,000 per month in hospitals and clinics. Car eer Options: The career of lab worker depends on academic and technical skills. A certified medical laboratory technician may find a challenging career in a hospital, private laboratory, blood donation centers and doctor’s office. A technician can become a technologist through further education and work experience. Laboratory technologists can assist the doctors in taking samples, centrifuging, making slides, using specified stains with proper guidance. Job opportunities are also available in research laboratories and military service. Scope: The laboratory technology today is far more complicated than the laboratory technology of ten years back. As new discoveries advance cientific knowledge, the technologist's role will continue to change and expand. Even now, we can see the impact of future tests that may be developed for diagnosing such health problems as cancer or genetic disorders. Student of DMLT course gets numerous employment opportunities in laboratories throughout the country. The demand for lab technician has increased and India is slated to b ecome one of the largest single country markets for Lab technicians overseas. The huge size of India’s populace and the sustained rapid economic growth the country is experiencing continues to create huge demand for better health care. Q7. Admission Procedures Ans. Any 10+2 pass student can apply for the course. Their is no entrance exm for DMLT Q8. Types of Course Ans. 1. Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology (DMLT) 2. Bachelor of Medical Laboratory Technology (BMLT) 3. M. Sc in Medical Laboratory Technology Q9. Course Content of DMLT? Ans. First SemesterCommunication Skills in English| Basic Computer Skills – I| Basics of Anatomy| Basics of Physiology| Fundementals of Medical Laboratory Technology| Second SemesterBasic Haematological Techniques| Haematological Disorders| Basics of Biochemistry| Lab Reagents, Instrumentation and Techniques| General Bacteriology – I| Systemic Bacteriology – I| Third SemesterImmunology, Serology and Parasitology – I| Mycology, Virology and Quality Control – I| Carbohydrates and Lipids| Proteins and Diagnostics Enzymology| Blood Transfusion Techniques – I| Blood Bank Procedures and Haemolytic Diseases of the Newborn – I| Fourth SemesterLiver and Renal Function Tests, Hormones and Tumor Markers| Electrolytes, Acid Base Balance, Factors in Haemoglobin Syntheses ; Automation| Histotechnology and Cytotechnology| Examination of Body Fluids|

Melody in the Middle Ages Essay

In the early Middle Ages, melodic or textual embellishments added to plainchant were referred to as prosulae. In your own words, summarize the types of plainchant to which prosulae were most often added and the reasons for those additions. The Book of Hymns is one prime example of a prosulae. Plainchant was being sung day in and day out by the monks, who had already added some slight melody, but was still not easy to memorize. By adding some rhythm and separation in syllables throughout the melody, a new way to not only memorize the verses, but also present them, was born. In the early Middle Ages, melodic or textual embellishments added to plainchant were referred to as prosulae. In your own words, summarize Notker’s description of how and why he came to add words to melismas, and his teacher Iso’s response. Notker realized as a young child that he wanted to find a way to remember the words to certain melodies, but with them being so long, he could not. When he came across a man with sequenced verses he was at first excited, but soon disappointed as they did no better than the long, monotonous melodies he remembered as a child. When he decided to add words to these verses and took them to his teacher, Iso, he both appreciated and pitied Notker. He went back and corrected some mistakes pointed out by his teacher, and these changes proved to be successful. The new verses were deemed worthy and copied to a roll for the all of the boys to sing.

Russian Foreign Policy

Russian foreign policy: priorities, challenges and perspectives According to the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation drawn up by the Russian Foreign Ministry, Russia should become a balancing factor in conditions of global turbulence in the development of global civilization. Due to some factors the world now is getting unstable and unpredictable.Among these factors are the global crisis, a powerful catalyst of deep changes in the geopolitical landscape, the weakening of the role of the UN, the strengthening of trans border challenges and threats, where threats in the information space are key items and the tendency towards the re-ideologization of international relations. Nevertheless, Russia is given the unique role of a balancing factor in international affairs and the development of the world civilization.So, Russia will build its foreign policy in accordance with several top priorities. The main goal is to help save the world economy, to promote the formation of a fair and democratic global trade-economic architecture. In addition, Russia should fight interference in countries' internal affairs; seek respect for human rights and liberties with regard for the national, cultural, and historical characteristics of every country.Also Russia must prevent military interventions and other forms of interference. Russia's second top priority is  the European Union (special emphasis is on the introduction of a visa-free regime). It concerns Russia's major partners in Europe (Germany, France, Italy, and the Netherlands) with which Russia is actively working in the gas sphere and cooperation with the OSCE, NATO, and the countries of Northern Europe, the Baltic States, and the Balkans.The third top priority of Russia is the U. S. , from which Russia will seek legal guarantees that the missile defense systems will not be targeted against Russian nuclear restraint forces and the observance of international law, including the principle of non-interference in countr ies' internal affairs. In the meantime, the development of friendly relations with China and India is an important area of Russian foreign policy.

Proposed Capstone Project Essay

To implement the system in an online environment. To design a database that will organize blotter related information and records. To provide a search facility for finding and filtering of records. To include a module that will facilitate updating of reported blotters. To generate statistical reports pertinent for decision making. Project Description Police officers are assigned at the police stations to encode the complaints, police reports, and crime incidents reported in their areas of responsibilities (AOS) directly into their computers connected online. All police precinct blotter records are visible in the web server anytime of the day. At the end of the day, each police station prints their day’s journal using the system. System Platform: Web Application utilizing HTML5, PHP, MySQL, and CSS. System Functionalities [Include your HIPO in this part. Make sure all functionalities are stated here. I suggest, you divide your features in terms of Client and Server Side. Client Side may still be divided in terms of your users. These features are still based on the SE Project which is PC-Based, you have not specified features when it will be implemented online.] Management of blotter cases. (inc: Creating blotter and archiving blotter case) Viewing of records. (by case number, name, date) Generating statistical reports in graphical models. Generate and queue reports. The system will generate reports such as the following: Number of blotter incidents per barangay Most common cases per barangay Monthly/Quarterly/Annually report of blotter cases Individual Blotter Report The individual reports are collated into single reports which can be accessed by City of Santa Rosa Police Headquarters Superintendent for his information and use. Statistical Report Graphical representation of most common cases annually for comparative purpose. Chart for areas with frequent cases reported. The purpose of this report is to monitor and isolate areas with the most number of incidents. And also use for decision making and for development of solutions. Read This: http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=9XcWAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA93&dq=Computerized+Blotter+System&hl=en&sa=X&ei=QfQzVKXqJ8-coQS07IHYDA&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Computerized%20Blotter%20System&f=false http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/118908/news/nation/qc-police-to-have-computerized-blotter-system-in-2-months https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.444684698888025.97968.160481633975001&type=3 http://www.slideshare.net/jobitonio/pnp-infromation-communication-management-eblotter-program http://www.studymode.com/essays/Blotter-System-1312101.html http://www.studymode.com/essays/Capstone-Project-1178085.html

Applied Research Technologies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Applied Research Technologies - Case Study Example These include; healthcare, energy, industrial automation and HVAC. However, this decentralized management philosophy is also coupled with an innovative and entrepreneurial culture creating a good mix for business integration. This has seen the company dedicate itself to supporting innovations through funding and organizational practices with each division required to have products developed in the last four years comprise at least 30% of the sales (Bartlett and Beckham 2). With such a promising resume, the company’s CEO David Hall began pushing for the increase of ART’s global presence that saw the creation of the Filtration Business Unit in 1996. The filtration unit is a business that ART acquired from an oil and gas exploration services company with the core interest being the provision of mobile water treatment services to exploration companies enabling the meeting of the threshold set by the government for water recycling. However, the incorporation of Chinese firms commoditized the sector which reduced the margins of profits (Bartlett and Beckham 3). The effect was that ART decided to develop new technologies and products which resulted in a couple of high profile failures. One of these failures was the multi-million dollar mini water oxidation project spearheaded by Peter Vyas, the business manger of the filtration Unit (Bartlett and Beckham 2). The project that had been the works before Vyas was promoted consisted of a small-scale oxidation system without bulky equipment capable of waste water into clean and safe drinking water in a matter of minutes with technology sourced from an Indian start company. Although it had potential to be a big success but problems in the design, development and marketing strategies had resulted in the failure of the project in two phases. However, the management of the unit still wants to see the

Nature of Wal-Mart Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 78

Nature of Wal-Mart Industry - Essay Example According to Fortune Global 500 in 2014, Wal-Mart was the biggest company by revenue and the largest employer in the private sector worldwide. The number of employees stood at 2.2 million making it is the most valuable company in the world. The operations of Wal-Mart are in three divisions namely Sams Club, Wal-Mart US, and Wal-Mart International with nine retail formats. The formats are supercenters, general merchandise, food and drugs, stores, bodegas, membership warehouse Clubs, cash and carry stores, apparel stores, restaurants, and soft discount stores. The Wal-Mart US is the largest with sales amounting to $258 billion operating discount stores, Neighborhood Markets, and Supercenters. Some of the Wal-Mart stores are located in Argentina, Canada, Brazil, and the UK. The company also involves global eCommerce, which is involved in online sales in the US with headquarters in San Francisco. The main competitors of Wal-Mart in North America include departmental stores such as Kmart, Target, Meijer, and Publix, which sell similar products. One of the main competitor is Target (TGT) in the retail market. Wal-Mart competes directly with Target (TGT) a discount retailer, which offers its goods and services at low prices. Just like Wal-Mart, TGT provides a wide range of products especially staple consumer goods such as household goods, clothing, food, and groceries. TGT also offers discount to its customers to attract them, which is also a common method in Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart sells products at lower prices to attract low-income consumers while TGT targets goes for affluent customers with their high quality merchandise. Both Target and Wal-Mart try to keep their profit margins high through cost reduction measures. Other competitors include Giant Tiger and the Real Canadian Superstore competing for the retail market. Wal-Mart also competes with Mexicos retail stores such as Soriana and Commercial Mexicana.

The Great Depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The Great Depression - Essay Example The stock market crash in 1929 commemorated the start of the depression with the value of most shares dropping significantly awakening ruins in the finances with the value of currency decreasing in collaboration with the demand for goods (Ledbetter and Daniel 3). This created a situation of limited employment and resources in the nation. This was a period full of desperation to survive among families and individuals alike. Many lived in poor conditions stricken by famine. The effect of the depression was great among the bottom group of the employment ladder as they depended on the industrial community for a living. In the years before the depression, a big part of the agricultural portion of the economy was deep in trouble. The course of the depression further accompanied with the Great Plains Dust Bowl of the 1930s worsened the problems and almost eliminated the sector. At the same time, the crisis response of the government at the time had limitations arising from the pressures for income at all levels of the administration. The decline in tax revenue collection furthered the problem (Ledbetter and Daniel 58). The stock market collapse forced the world trade to collapse causing the international community to adopt protective measures through imposing stiff tariffs on imported goods. This made the situation even worse as the goods were virtually impossible to purchase. The impact of this on society was devastating. By the year 1932, the industrial output of the United States was a shadow of itself having reduced by half. About 15-million people, constituting a quarter of the nation’s labor force, were not in active employment (Ledbetter and Daniel 17). The unemployed who could not afford to feed themselves, support families, and pay rent moved in with their families in apartments and houses that were crowded. Those in employment experienced deductions of up to 50 percent of their hourly wages (Ledbetter and Daniel 42). Banks failed and agricultural prices fell to the lowest point after the civil war. The unemployed had dependants and needed to pay rents and mortgages. In the end many could not cope and became homeless before moving into pitiful shantytowns called Hoovervilles developed all over the country with some sleeping under old newspapers dubbed Hoover blankets. The devastation was even greater among minority communities as it accompanied discrimination. Generally, the situation in the country at the time was depressing. Starvation traversed the nation accompanied by illness. The unemployed found it hard to feed themselves while most of them living in crowded conditions that were unhygienic (Ledbetter and Daniel 48). This deprived their immunity and made them more s usceptible to infections and diseases. The situation was much worse for those living in Hoovervilles that were void of bathrooms and running water. In the years of the Great Depression, there was a large number of malnourished children due to the poor diet and lack of medical care. The Great Depression brought with it a sporadic diversity in the general sorts of behaviors of the public. The unemployed were starving and needed help which was not forthcoming from the government as it was also in a crisis at the time. At the time, the social security system was not existent. This prompted the residents of some towns to start and run their own charitable organizations to provide relief to the less fortunate. The display of generosity was through the soup kitchens

3 para Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

3 para - Essay Example Authors like Stedman and Haller have mentioned in their written essays that students or writers need to be aware of the fact that their audience need facts but marked in a paper with better flow. Haller has mentioned in his essay that most of the students who come to him for guidance regarding sources. As per Haller’s evaluation of different written pieces state that the students always fail to understand the right usage of sources (Haller). They often cite sources which have been re-published or been edited by other authors for their respective theme. Thus, students or writers need to understand the right usage of source. The information from the primary source will always give a clear and concise dimension to the subject of matter. Also, Stedman mentioned in his essay that writers would introduce a number of quotations in the essay without noting the real purpose of the topic sentence. In other words, it could be said that the writers need to explain the quotation in accordance to the subject manner

Word autobiographical research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Word autobiographical - Research Paper Example I saw that people were being mistreated because they belonged to a different race altogether. The differences stemmed from the fact that there was less empathy for one another and more emphasis on one’s own self. This paper explains how racial relations are dealt with in an organizational setting and how value would be derived from different agendas that the people have had during this scenario. Moving ahead with the discussion at hand, the members of this community, which is essentially an organization, are more or less like me. They are different in the sense that they are from varied backgrounds and hence their understanding and behavioral levels are slightly distinctive. The members of the organization are undertaking the same tasks as I am and hence in a number of ways they are very similar to how I work and how I spend my life. This is an important understanding because my organization has hired individuals who are much like me and who know how to strike big with the cha nging organizational norms and routines. Furthermore, the leaders within the organization treat distinctive people of the racial differences in varied ways. They do not have any uniformity within their ranks and there is a definitive racial divide that is existent within the workplace settings. I am being treated differently than the ones who are from other sides of the city as this is something that does not go down well with the employees. Nearly every one of these employees has an issue or the other with the way the leaders manifest their point (Hindes, 2009). All of them believe that sanity can prevail if the leaders mend their ways and start doing the right thing at the right time. The role of the leaders under such racial discussions is an important one if they realize the same. If they do not understand the gravity of the situation that has come about within the workplace realms, then it is about time that they should start getting their point across to the concerned individu als. Race is such a critical and sensitive issue that it cannot be taken for granted, and especially by the people who are in significant positions, like the leaders themselves. It would be correct to state here that the other people present within the workplace settings have biased perspectives. This is because they believe it is up to them as to how they shape up racial discussions. It is a fact that they treat people in a number of different ways, all of which are based on their thinking realms. They treated the Blacks as people who are under them, no matter if they senior to them. They treat the Asians shabbily because they are from a third world region. I am also treated differently as I belong to a totally different race and I have felt that under certain occasions and situations, they treat me in a way that is unbecoming of them as well as my own self. I am of the opinion that such stigmas should be done away with because they are not at all in the better interests of the org anization from the long term scheme of things. As far as the organizational rules and policies are concerned, there are clear cut instructions as to how racial biasness should be avoided and the manner in which they should be dealt. There is absolute discouragement for racial talks, discussions, slurs and the like, but then again nothing is being promulgated in true letter and spirit within the organization (Carter, 1997). I believe this is because the human resources management department is not playing its due role in a quantifiable manner. If this department knew that such racial problems could arise, proper steps would have been taken to avoid the same. However, this seems to be something which is apparent now than ever before in the history of the organizatio

Social Change in Rape and Sexual Assault in Deployed Military Term Paper

Social Change in Rape and Sexual Assault in Deployed Military - Term Paper Example However, beyond the capabilities of remaining strong, women military staff needed to handle the challenges of dealing with the men in the group who intend to assault them. The need to stand strong against this though does not belong to everyone who has been assaulted. There are those who simply choose to stay quiet for the sake of protecting their reputation and find a better way to settle things in their own selves. It could not be denied that there are those women who are already assaulted and yet remains silent due to the fear of going through all the massive dilemmas involved in sending the issues to court and presenting themselves as victims to the public. Why to the public Several military rape and sexual assault cases such as that of the Taihook scandal of 1991 and the Aberdeen scandal of 1996 became particularly controversial that it provided the victims a much more focus than that of the accused ones a higher level of attention in connection to what they have done to their v ictims. It seems as if media has heightened the exposure of the victims rather than that of the stress that they should put on the ones who victimized the women. This is perhaps one of the primary reasons why women who are assaulted take lesser chances in making media teem towards their life stories and rather opt to keep everything to themselves. Knowing this particular issue as a growing threat to the military women who are deployed to other countries, the military academy of the United States has established the Department of Defence on Sexual Assault Response Policy. This is the department that is in charge of handling the major issues in the military academy that involves sexual assault. Through this department, the imposed consideration on the process by which women are protected while they are on another country trying to protect the lives of others who are under turmoil is given a heightened focus simply to be able to find ways to increase the competence of the military group to protect others and protect themselves at the same time. Results and Effects As a result to this particular departmental establishment, the level of development on the process by which women's rights are protected in the field until they come back to the country proposed a rather important benefit to the results of the survey handled during the years 2007 to 2008. Although there were times when there have been reported assaults against women, it was easier to handle to push the women to present themselves and their assaulters to the court since the protection against media scandal has been further heightened into a level that is much considerate with the feelings and the emotions of the women. Conclusions With the imposed specifications on the ways by which the men and women try to live with each other and live by each other during the war years, it could not be denied that clashing of opinions and ideas would occur. Issues would arise and matters of conflict would rather develop. Understandably though, issues such as sexual assault is one among the many situations that military members should be aware of and should be able to contain. These issues and situations does not only put their standing in jeopardy but also gives them a devastating reputation that marks their uniforms of strength and honour. References: Report of DEFENSE TASK FORCE on Sexual Harassment &

Introduction to Health and Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction to Health and Culture - Essay Example The Navajo people value their words as much as they value life because they believe that the words they utter will have a deeper impact on how their lives will go. They do not give out words easily and more often than not, other people find themselves waiting for 30 seconds or more just to hear what a member of the Navajo tribe has to say. And more often than not, this characteristic result to conflict or misunderstanding due to the fact that not all who converse with the Navajo people understands or even knows this trait. The doctors and other medical staffs, who have also graduated with a secret degree on Tact and Diplomacy together with their medical degree, are imbedded with deeper understanding and vast knowledge as to how to deal with different kinds of people. Treating a person from a different culture and with a different background is not prioritized in this aspect. As a person with a mission, healing people is the main goal. Doesn't matter who your patients are, what they a re and where they come from; as long as the service given is fair and just, the mission has been served well. Navajo people are also afraid of death; Also the same with everyone all over the world. That doesn't make them ignorant or simple.

War of the Worlds Essay Example for Free

War of the Worlds Essay War of the Worlds is a book which was written by H.G Wells in 1989, the book depicts the end of mankind at the peril of Martians. The main fears at that time where highlighted in this book. H.G Wells was a man of science, when in education he received many science awards and he liked to write science fiction novels. Some of his well known novels where The Time Machine and The Invisible Man these where some of his well known books but War of the Worlds must be his most popular as it is still read over a hundred years after he wrote it. At the start of the book an object is seen flying towards earth by the narrator and his friend who are both scientists, this object was a metal cylinder which landed on Horsell common, a crowd gathers and theyre all amazed at what is lying in front of them. After a short while the cylinder starts to unscrew, this is when the crowd start to realise that there may be someone or something inside the cylinder, maybe it was men from mars thought the narrator. With the first sighting of the Martian, many people on Horsell common are mesmerised be the visitors. They appear to be like a mass bulk of wet leather. The Martians do not move around, as it is thought that they will be helpless as the force of gravity is much stronger than that on mars. But little do they know that the visitor is more powerful than them. This can be shown when the Martian fires the Heat Ray on the people around the pit. This causes disarray, with which many flee the scene. The narrator says an ungovernable terror gripped me as he witness the Martians act of devastation. A short while after the cylinder had landed one of its ends started to unscrew, when the end had fully unscrewed a brown leather like tentacles appeared. At the same time as the tentacles appearing the crowd started running in all directions. The Martians didnt move anywhere as the scientist seemed to think they wouldnt because of the difference in gravity on mars and earth, on earth the Martians would be heavier. With the Martians not moving the humans thought that they wouldnt be very powerful, but little did they know about the Martians light rays. When the Martians first use there light ray the crowd go into a frantic rush to leave the common. When the narrator see the immense power of the Martians he says an ungovernable terror gripped me Throughout the book there is an imbalance of power, this is with the Martians having there immensely powerful light rays and the humans only having there guns. The main quote which shows the imbalance of power is its bows and arrows against the lightening anyhow. When the imbalance of power is realised by the humans they start to flee there house when the Martians get closer. When the Martians are in London there are only a few of them against all of the population but only one of the Martians get injured, although two of them where destroyed by the Thunder Child. The civilisation of London is destroyed by the Martians black gas. The black gas forces people who are living there to flee their houses so they dont die. With this black gas covering London the book quotes that it is like an ink splodge on a map. H.G Well adds a religious side to the novel when he introduces the curate, also the exodus in London can be compared with the story of Sodom and Gomorrah. The book also highlights many of the fears of the people at the time when it was written. One of the main fears at that time was of the industrial revolution, with machines being invented and used many people where afraid that machines would eventually take over the world. Also at that time the British where colonising many countries, one of these where Africa. The quote which was used in the book about bows and arrows is also linked to countries like Africa having basic weapons when the British had guns etc. Around that time many people believed that there might have been men on mars. H.G Wells manages to incorporate some of the fears of mechanisation through the way which the Martians are portrayed. The way which the Martians treated the humans is identified by the way which the British was treating the countries which they where colonising. Today people never have the same fears at what people had back when The War of the Worlds was written, this is mainly because scientist have managed to prove more things and technology is much more advanced now days. Although the main fears of today are nuclear war and weapons of mass destruction.

Role of the Entrepreneur in Setting Up a Business Essay Example for Free

Role of the Entrepreneur in Setting Up a Business Essay Entrepreneurs are the individuals who start new businesses in the economic marketplace. These individuals may start businesses for a variety of reasons, including working for their own self-interest, making more money, improving their local community or enhancing their quality of life. While entrepreneurs may face a number of issues when starting a business, they usually have the psychological resolve and positive outlook to overcome these issues. Other People Are Reading * Help With Setting up a New Business * How to Start an Entrepreneur Cosmetic Business 1. Facts * Entrepreneurs usually offer the vision, goals and objectives for their start-up companies. Goals and objectives oftentimes are simple during the early stages of the company; goals typically include building a strong customer base and making enough money to break even. As entrepreneurs continue to establish their businesses, the importance of goals and objectives typically increases. Once employees are hired to work in the business, an entrepreneur must be able to translate the company’s vision and objectives to new employees. Function * Start-up companies usually require a business plan to begin its operations. Entrepreneurs are usually the individuals responsible for writing the business plan and developing specific information related to the start-up company. The business plan is often used to secure external financing for starting the company and expanding its operations during the early stages of operation. Entrepreneurs may also use the business plan as a road map to direct the business as it continues to grow and expand in the business environment. * Sponsored Links * Trademark Registration Worldwide Trademark Registration Protect your brand internationally! www.MARCARIA.com Considerations * Entrepreneurs may choose to hire individuals during the early stages of business to complete specific technical business responsibilities. Accounting, production techniques, corporate finance or payroll may be positions entrepreneurs need to fill when starting the company. Individuals with these technical skills help the entrepreneur to create a solid foundation for the new business. Because entrepreneurs often are responsible for building the customer base or attracting new clients to the business, they may not have time for these internal business functions. Misconceptions * Setting up a new business is not always an easy task. Depending on the type of business or the current economic environment, entrepreneurs may need to spend copious amounts of time or money when starting businesses. Entrepreneurs also may not be successful in every business they attempt to start. However, their internal resolve and desire to succeed often leads them to new and better business opportunities. Expert Insight * The Small Business Administration (SBA) is a government agency entrepreneurs may use to research important economic and demographic information. The SBA provides start-up companies with various amounts of business, financial and economic information for starting new companies. The SBA also operates local business offices to help entrepreneurs obtain specific information relating to local markets. The SBA usually operates the local offices in conjunction with local community or state colleges and universities.

Natural Resources In Nigeria Environmental Sciences Essay

Natural Resources In Nigeria Environmental Sciences Essay The oil rich Nigerian economy, long limping by political unstability, corruption, and poor macroeconomic performance management, is undergo sufficiently substantial economic reform under the new civilian administration. Nigerias former military rulers failed to diversifying the economy away from overdependence on the capital intensive oil sector, which provides 20% of GDP, 95% of foreign exchange earnings, and about 65% of budgetary revenues in the country. The large subsistence agricultural sector have failed to keeping up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food to support their satisfy needs. Following the signing of an IMF stand by agreement in August 2000, Nigeria received a debt restructuring deal from the Paris Club and a $1 billion loan from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. Increases in foreign investment and oil production combined with high world oil prices should push growth over 4% in 2001 and 2002. GDP: purchasing power parity $117 billion (2000 est.) GDP real growth rate: 3.5% (2000 est.) GDP per capita: purchasing power parity $950 (2000 est.) GDP composition by sector: agriculture: 40% industry: 40% services: 20% (1999 est.) Population below poverty line: 45% (2000 est.) Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 1.6% highest 10%: 40.8% (1996 and 1997) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 6.5% (2000 est.) Labor force: 66 million (1999 est.) Labor force by occupation: agriculture 70%, industry 10%, services 20% (1999 est.) Unemployment rate: 28% (1992 est.) Budget: revenues: $3.4 billion expenditures: $3.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) Industries that implemented in Nigeria: crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel Industrial production growth rate: 1.5% (2000 est.) Electricity for production: 18.7 billion kWh (1999) Electricity for the production by source: fossil fuel: 52.94% hydro: 47.06% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) Consumption of Electricity : 17.372 billion kWh (1999) Export of Electricity: 19 million kWh (1999) Electricity imports: 0 kWh (1999) Products of Agriculture: cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish Exports: $22.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) Exports commodities: petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber Exports partners: US 36%, India 9%, Spain 8%, Brazil 6%, France 6%, (1999) Imports: $10.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) Imports commodities: machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals Imports partners: UK 11%, Germany 10%, US 9%, France 8%, China 6% (1999) Debt external: $32 billion (2000 est.) Economic aid recipient: ODA $250 million (1998) Currency: naira (NGN) Currency code: NGN Exchange rates: nairas per US dollar 110.005 (January 2001), 101.697 (2000), 92.338 (1999), 21.886 (1998), 21.886 (1997), 21.884 (1996) AGRICULTURE Currently, several activities are become implemented by the Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development In Nigeria with in under planning of water supply, sustainable food production, and rural development. These include several plans : Formulation of the Irrigation Policy for Nigeria, its Formal irrigation started in Nigeria 21 years ago. However, a National policy on irrigation have not been produced again. This situation was become corrected by the preparation of an irrigation policy for the Nigeria country Surface and Groundwater Monitoring Under the National Fatima Development Programme: The main objective is to monitor and analyses the effect of groundwater exploitation for irrigation on flood plains in the semi-arid areas of the country in order to design effective and sustainable exploitation regimes for the various aquifers encountered. Work started in five pilot States in 1995 and is scheduled to be completed by September, 1997.This planning will also seek to ascertain the pollution potentials of the saturated groundwater zone due to the irrigation activities in the project area. The study, which will ultimately assist in the design of the groundwater exploitation plan for the project area is expected to be completed by the end of 1998. Survey and Inventory of Irrigation Projects in Nigeria: The aim is to obtain up to date information on irrigation development in Nigeria. It involves the collection, collation, compilation, and classification of irrigation projects in the country. The Government Of Nigeria, through the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources has embarked on a number of programmes aimed at promoting sustainable agriculture and rural development. The programmes and their associated activities are: 1. Agricultural Land Resource Programme: The objectives of this programme are to select suitable lands for the production of specific that can increase crops through soil survey and land evaluation. 2. National Seed Service (NSS) Programme: The objective of this programme is to produce high quality crops for Nigerian farmers within a commercial environment of sound certification and quality control and to sell high output quality seeds and seedlings of selected arable tree crops, namely oil palm, rubber, cotton, groundnut, soybeans, gum arabic, etc. Over 2,460 kg of foundation seeds have been produced by the project for Research Institutes and out growers respectively. 3. Agricultural Finance Programmes: This is another programme whose objective is to provide loans and credits to small scale farmers. This is done through some agricultural oriented financial institutions such as the Nigerian Agricultural Co-operative Bank (NACB), the Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme (ACGS), and the Farmers Credit Scheme (FCS). Farmers have been supported financially through this programme for the purpose of increasing crop production. 4. Establishment of the Federal Agricultural Coordinating Unit (FACU): This Unit is primarily responsible for the provision of planning and implementation support to the activities of the ADP in the country. 5. The National Agricultural Research Project (NARP): This Planning was set up to strengthen the countrys agricultural research system and ensure availability of food through adequate domestic production in the country. Within the network of Agricultural Research Institutions, five handle food crops, three are for livestock; one (NSPRI) completes research on storage of agricultural and food products; while three handle mechanization research including the design, fabrication, and servicing of food processing machines. The impact of the NARP in boosting food production has not been sufficiently realized perhaps due to lack of adequate support and ineffective programme coordination. With recent reorganization and assured funding, NARP is expected to increase food production during the next decade. 6. The Strategic Reserve Scheme: At its second inception, the objective of this Scheme is to undertake the storage of excess grains during the harvest for release when prices are high in the market. This stabilizes the price and makes grains available all year round. 7. Establishment of the National Agricultural Land Development Authority (NALDA): The Governments main objective in establishing NALDA is to transform rural peasantry by mobilizing human resources and other support services to open up new lands for increased food production. The Authority has embarked on some activities (bush clearing, land preparation, farm infrastructure development, soil conservation and environmental issues, soil survey, evaluation, soil testing and capacity) to provide baseline data for agricultural related activities and advisory services to agricultural land users. The NALDA 1997 work plan proposes to open up more enclave farming communities during the operating season and will focus on land development in cooperation with the Agricultural Land Resource, Forestry, Department of Agriculture, and Agricultural Cooperative. FRESH WATER Nigeria have given high priority to its freshwater resources due to the growing concern at the increasing stress on water supplies caused by poor use patterns, affecting both water quality and quantity. Futher more, the Government through the Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development, in Nigeria was undertaking a number of planning designed to protect the quality and supply of freshwater resources in the country to avoid some pollution.   In these cases, The low lying, flood prone areas near rivers that become of water resources and streams and in inland areas also will be attention from the Ministry. The twin problems of soil erosion and flood control are addressed through the Department of Soil Erosion and Flood Control. The agency was created in 1991 to oversee the mitigate these problems and the improvement area of devastated lands. The Federal Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development responsibility to handles inland erosion and flooding, and the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing is responsible for marine flood control and erosion problems. Legislation and Regulations   For the the Integrated Water Resources Development and Management programme area, the Ministry has prepared the Water Resources Decree 101 of 1993 to give the legal framework for the development of the water resources in the country of Nigeria. The Decree places ultimate to responsibility for the proper development of the water resources on the Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development in the country. Strategies, Policies and Plans  Ã‚   To the Integrated Water Resources Development and Management planning area, the government of Nigeria have prepared the Nations Water Resources Master Plan for the 1995-2020 period which was completed with the technical assistance of the Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) between 1992 and 1995 for the development in Nations water resources. If we can see in the past, the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation sub sector was totally not coordinated. At the same time, various methods and equipment were used with little or no thought given to the sustainability of the systems nor the ability of the benefit communities to operate and maintain them overall. The Strategy and Action Plan direction standards for the methods and equipment to be used to action. Policy of national water supply is completed and approved at the National Council on Water Resources and Rural Development meeting at Kaduna in November 1995 discuss about the sustainability of water. It provides the guidelines and direction towards development for water supply development up to the year 2015 become reality. One of the main problems is Flooding in one form or other affects at least more than 20% of the nations population, its faced both urban residents and rural dwellers. Flooding is a threat to physical infrastructures in the area, including residential accommodation, commercial, and industrial properties, roads, rail lines, bridges and so on. It also believed destroys all farmlands in Nigeria, including standing crops that is important for the farmer. Losses due to flooding run into billions of Naira per year and cost to improve its always increasingly. The future plans of Nigeria to achieve effective management of urban, river, and coastal flooding include a) Enforce compliance with town planning,urban laws,edicts b) Build embankments and levies along rivers and coastlines prone to flooding. c) Establish a rainstorm early warning system its can be remainder to community. d) Establish and monitor weather stations, and river and tidal gauges. e) Ensure appropriate management and maintenance of dams. f) Ensure proper maintenance of existing drainage channels. g) Enforce environmental sanitation laws in Nigeria. Other invasive weeds mostly can give effect to waterways. Currently hamper normal economic activities in reverie areas where the spread of the weeds have been exist and can block waterways. They also impend free river communication on waterways, and above all, the spread of the weed obstructs fishing activities and destroyed water quality. Nigerias future plans and strategy to eliminate the water hyacinth that can give pollution and other invasive plants in all water systems is to: a) Inventory the spread of water hyacinth and other invasive weeds in all the river systems; b) Develop an infestation index map to determine control options; e) adopt an appropriate integrated control option to ensure that the weeds are no longer a menace; and f) encourage sub-regional cooperation. Approval is pending for the study of the Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources with Particular Reference to Flood Susceptible and Drought Prone Areas. This project has been submitted to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for their participation. GEMS or Water Nigeria is a important component of the Global Environmental Monitoring System with the overall objective of monitoring the quality of freshwater supply throughout in Nigeria. The programme is support by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Health Organization (WHO). It can be monitors some water parameters and provides information on the suitability usage of water for human routine consumption, agricultural, commercial in business, and industrial uses. Several of the activities under the planning focus on a) Strengthening National water quality monitoring in Nigeria; b) Improve analytical capabilities and data quality assured; c) Addressing critical freshwater quality issues in order to propose policy options and control measures for the development and d) Assisting participating laboratories by the provision of technical advice, analytical reference samples, and training opportunities. The Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) is coordinating the programme within the country. Participating several agencies include the National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research (NIFFR), New Busa and the National Water Resources Institute (NWRI), Kaduna. A network of stations on rivers, lakes, and reservoirs has been established with instrumentation for the purpose of collecting samples for analysis and development in treatment water quality. FORESTS In term of natural resources in forests, Effective mechanisms are being developed to harmonize cross sectoral policies related to forestry for example the famous forestry is, environment, agriculture, livestock, fishery and so on. Presently, the National Forest Policy is being reviewed under the aegis of the recently created Ministry of Environment. The Federal Department of Agricultural Land Resources (FDALR) is currently, on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD), articulating Agricultural Land Use and Practices Policy for the improvement in the country for development areas in Nigeria. Legislation and Regulations   There is no Land Use Policy in the country. There is however, a Land Use Act. States are being encourage to derive their legislation from the national framework made by government. A national forest and wildlife law is being developed and implemented with the involvement of all stakeholders in the country. There is have no forest certification practice in the country. However, we can see that public involvement on forest certification is being articulation in the proposed revised policy which will encourage private sector and NGO participation in the public involvement. It is become proposed that a National Working Group (NWG) on Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) and certification be set up to finalize the criteria or indicators for development Sustainable Forest Management in the country. The activities that implemented promote the use of forest products in place of products made of non renewable materials: Impose low tariff on wood products Impose for the Reasonable pricing of wood products Must Under valuation of forest products Impose High cost of non-renewable materials especially energy Value system and traditional beliefs preference in taste for food or delicacy prepared with fuelwood. Strategies, Policies and Plans  Ã‚   Nigeria started implemented the National Forestry Action Plan (NFAP) in around 1990 with the assistance joint of FAO and a grant of US $690,000 from UNDP. At the same time, to ensure the greatest commitment and supporting at the highest and at all levels of Government in Nigeria, the National Advisory Council that assisted by a National Technical Committee, was become inaugurate generally in 1994. The project was concluded in 1995 and the final NFAP report has been submitted. The next stage is to use the report to canvass for international funding from donors to implement the action plans made by government. The annual rate of deforestation in Nigeria is of major concern and a viable option to mitigating this is through implementation and made enforcement of sound Forest Policy in Nigeria. Towards achieve this objective , the country is in the process of review her 1988 Forest Policy. Also being prepared is Environmental Guidelines on Logging and Fuelwood Extraction in Nigeria. It is hoped that when these two instruments are enforced Nigeria would achieve attain sustainable development in economic and utilization of her natural forest resources. A workshop in agricultural land use and become practices have been conducted and proceedings printed to implementation. Sectoral meetings have been held to articulate and review key areas to be addressed in the policy that implemented. This area are now become subjected to further deliberations with a view to synthesizing the issues that can form the main instrument of the policy. Its will be later reviewed by the Legal Unit before as a whole package is developed for further deliberation and enactment by the National Assembly to become process. As Presently, the country have different policies within sub sectors of agriculture and the environment involved in land use in Nigeria. There is need for integrated planning and management of all rural development programmes there. This will be reduce conflicts and guarantee better resources use. At the same time, some international organizations include the FAO, World Bank (IMF) , UNDP, ADB, DFID (ODA), Ford Foundation, for example, strategies have been formulated and developed for effective and efficient in sustainable management of a number of forest reserves in Nigeria. In recognition of the changing strategy for natural resources management, the national forest and wildlife policy is become reviewed to make its implementation more efficient and to be better respond to emerging issues in forest sustainability development in the area. The review also towards supporting, the productivity of small holder farmers and to improve access to credit and other inputs that needs. The strategy to achieve the target of 25% of the land area as forest is to: Impose to Ban the export of log wood until the 25% reserve forest cover is achieved; Provide a policy and institutional framework favorable for private investment in trees and forest resource management; Effort to Increasing community participation in forest management and utilization in the country. Establish sum of total of 15 million ha of plantation for various purposes such as shelterbelts, watershed conservation, forest fruit trees, Gum Arabic. Promote agro forestry with multi purpose tree species to diversify farm produce and improve the soil environment; Encourage private sector industrial plantations especially in already degraded forest estates; Adoption protection forestry development strategies which includes shelterbelt establishment, afforestation of eroded sites, stabilization of sand dunes. Promote community woodlots which could include forest fruit trees as whole and fuel wood plantations Improve efficiency of the use of fuel wood Manufacture affordable bio-mass stoves; Developed alternative sources of energy such as solar energy for good environment Effort to support research into conservation and improvement of soil, genetic resources, silviculture, utilization of forest products, agro forestry, wildlife, and afforestation of difficult sites To Support human resources development in the country. It is proved that Non Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) contributed development substantially to the rural economy and hence strategies are being developed for the achievement of high potential NTFPs in each ecological area of the country. Its no compensate is provided for forest owners who market environmental benefits to the society generally. Incentives will be given to provided to enable them to manage their forest more better and sustainably, at the same time to facilitating their access for the improved tree seeds in their communities. LAND The policy objectives that implemented and mandate of the Nigerian Department of Agricultural Land Resources, established in 1980, have been refocused since the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) to cover sound planning and management of land resources consistent with the provisions of Agenda 21. This planning become more importance to manage resources of land correctly and efficient. Erosion is a continuous process. Once started, there is urgent need to stabilize all existing erosion sites to stem the rate of soil degradation and loss of lands, forest resources, and property. In addition, there is a need to restore all those badlands and gullies that are amenable to restoration. The Nigerian strategy is to overcome this problems is a) Prepare and implemented a comprehensive National policy on soil, coastal erosion, and flood control in the country b) Formulate and to enforcing regulations for soil and water conservation especially in erosion prone areas that identify. c) Try to Complete National watershed delineation and characterization for use as a basic for developing and implemented an aggressive management and enforcement programme to protect and maintain the quality of the nations area lands, water, and coastal resources in all areas in Nigeria. d) Prepare a intermittent master plan for the importance management of soil and coastline erosion and flood, and giving advise the Federal Government on the financial requirements for plan implementation. e) Complete possibility and scientific studies on soil erosion and its related flood problems for the design of appropriate integrated recovery control measures. f) Complete public awareness campaigns on the dangers of environmental degradation arising from poor land and water management practices. g) Provide and promote training on environmental issues as they relate to flood, erosion, land degradation, and water conservation. h) Promote integrated ecosystem management for agriculture, land use, soil and water conservation, rural development, and coastal resources management including environmentally sound recreational use. i) Consolidate National capacity by personnel development, provision of training facilities and research on prevention climate related ecological problems in ecosystem. j) Consolidate capacity of the Environmental Management Support System (EMSS) for remote sensing data gathering, GIS facilities, and development of a disaster/environmental data bank. k) Effort to Support agro forestry and integrated coastal zone management. l) Encourage planted fallow in abandoned farmlands using soil enriching species. Its associated activities are a source of considerable environmental damage to surface water, groundwater, and land. Health and safety risks are also considerable for people working in mines or living close by. The resulting deterioration of the environment and human health, are seen in existing mining wastelands all over the country, especially in the Middle Belt States, including Plateau, Bauchi, Niger, as well as Borno, Yobe, Adamawa, and Enugu. The degradation of the natural environment has a negative effect on the long term growth potential of the country, even though immediate economic benefits are being derived by individual enterprises. It is important, therefore, that all approvals to initiate mining should be carried out in an environmentally sound manner, so as to minimize negative impacts. In addition, all abandoned and closed mining sites should be reclaimed. The strategy to achieve this involves: a) Developing an inventory of all existing and closed mining sites; b) Enforcing compliance regulation with all National Mining Laws and Regulations, especially the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Law, the Safety Code and Accident Prevention Regulations that must be implemented c) Enforcing mining wasteland reclamation measures for closed mining sites. d) Providing financial incentives to helps and encourage the reclamation of abandoned mining sites. e) Encourage public participation in community through dialogue with affected communities and other directly interested parties on the environmental aspects of different phases of mining activities in the country. f) Adopting environmental sound mining technology and practices in all phases of mining activities, especially appropriate technologies to reduced environmental impacts, including those from small scale mining operations in the area. g) Building capacity in environmental management in the mining industry. Soils in Nigeria are variable due to variations in the geology and climate. Most predominant in the country are the utisols which cover about 46% of the total area of the country in Nigeria. Such soil performs very well under good planning and management though it is of moderate to low productivity in income of production. When we analysis Only 6% of the country is covered by entisol, the high productive soil in the all areas. Nigeria have been category into eight Land Resource Zones, namely semi arid, dry sub humid, subhumid, humid, very humid, ultra humid, plateau, and mountain zones. Among them if we can see, if not all of this ecological fields have witnessed pressure resulting from uncontrolled in socioeconomic activities leaving a large proportion of the land parched in Nigeria . From perspective ecological and economic standpoints, soil erosion is probably the most serious give environmental problem and its can be affecting negative effect on the nations soil and land resources in Nigeria.