Private and Public Spheres in Sociology

Within sociology, public and private spheres are thought of as two distinct realms in which people operate on a daily basis. The basic distinction between them is that the public sphere is the realm of politics where strangers come together to engage in the free exchange of ideas, and is open to everyone, whereas the private sphere is a smaller, typically enclosed realm (like a home) that is only open to those who have permission to enter it. Key Takeaways: Public and Private Spheres The distinction between public and private spheres dates back thousands of years, but the key contemporary text on the topic is a 1962 book by Jà ¼rgen Habermas.The public sphere is where the free discussion and debate of ideas occurs, and the private sphere is the realm of family life.Historically, women and people of color have often been excluded from participation in the public sphere in the United States. Origins of the Concept The concept of distinct public and private spheres can be traced back to the ancient Greeks, who defined the public as the political realm where the direction of society and its rules and laws were debated and decided upon. The private sphere was defined as the realm of the family. However, how we define this distinction within sociology has changed over time. Sociologists’ definition of the public and private spheres is largely a result of the work of  the German sociologist Jà ¼rgen Habermas, a student of  critical theory  and  the Frankfurt School. His 1962 book,  The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, is considered the key text on the matter. Public Sphere According to Habermas, the public sphere, as a place where the free exchange of ideas and debate happens, is the cornerstone of democracy. It is, he wrote, made up of private people gathered together as a public and articulating the needs of society with the state. From this public sphere grows a public authority that dictates the values, ideals, and goals of a given society. The will of the people is expressed within it and emerges out of it. As such, a public sphere must have no regard for the social status  of the participants, be focused on common concerns, and be inclusive—all can participate. In his book, Habermas argues that the public sphere actually took shape within the private sphere, as the practice of discussing literature, philosophy, and politics among family and guests became a common practice. As men started engaging in these debates outside of the home, these practices then left the private sphere and effectively created a public sphere. In 18th century Europe, the spread of coffeehouses across the continent and Britain created a place where the Western public sphere first took shape in modern time. There, men engaged in discussions of politics and markets, and much of what we know today as laws of property, trade, and the ideals of democracy were crafted in those spaces. Private Sphere On the flip side, the private sphere is the realm of family and home life that is, in theory, free of the influence of government and other social institutions. In this realm, ones responsibility is to oneself and the other members of ones household, and work and exchange can take place within the home in a way that is separate from the economy of the greater society. However, the boundary between the public and private sphere is not fixed; instead, it is flexible and permeable, and is always fluctuating and evolving. Gender, Race, and the Public Sphere Its important to note that women were almost uniformly excluded from participating in the public sphere when it first emerged, and so the private sphere, the home, was considered the womans realm. This distinction between the public and private spheres can help to explain why, historically, women had to fight for the right to vote in order to participate in politics, and why gender stereotypes about women belonging in the home linger today. In the United States, people of color have been excluded from participating in the public sphere as well. Though progress in terms of inclusion has been made over time, we see the lingering effects of historical exclusion in the over-representation of white men in the U.S. congress. Bibliography: Habermas, Jà ¼rgen. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Translated by Thomas Burger and Frederick Lawrence, MIT Press, 1989.Nordquist, Richard. â€Å"Public Sphere (Rhetoric).† ThoughtCo, 7 Mar. 2017. https://www.thoughtco.com/public-sphere-rhetoric-1691701Wigington, Patti. â€Å"The Cult of Domesticity: Definition and History.† ThoughtCo, 14 Aug. 2019. https://www.thoughtco.com/cult-of-domesticity-4694493 Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Sand Grouse Hydration Packs Executive Summary - 1703 Words

Jace Orio 4-11-15 Business Marketing Mr. Ramos Sand Grouse Hydration Packs Executive Summary The Sand Grouse company is preparing to launch a new line of hydration packs called Sand Grouse Hydration Packs. Although the market for hydration packs is maturing we believe our product is something special that customers haven t seen before. Sand Grouse’s slogan is â€Å"Get Outside and Hydrate† indicating that the company offers more than just a normal product but something that can always travel with you during your active lifestyle. Sand Grouse will target similar markets. Most of the markets being targeted will be markets where the consumer is active but also where the consumer is concerned with the environment. The primary†¦show more content†¦First-Year Objectives During the first year on the market, Sand Grouse Hydration Packs aim to achieve a 5 percent share of the hydration pack market, or approximately $100 thousand in sales, with break-even statues achieved in the final period of the year. With an average retail price $39.99, that equates with a sales goal of 2,500 packs. Second-Year Objectives During the second year, Sand Grouse will introduce a new hydration pack, including other variations of the new bag as well as the first. The second-year objective is to double our sales from the first year, to $200,000. Issues In lunching this new brand, the biggest issue I see is the ability to establish brand awareness as well as a strong brand image. Sand Grouse will invest in nontraditional and traditional promotion to accomplish the goals we have set. As a company we would also like to spark a word of mouth interactions between our costumers as well as

Bullying in the National Spotlight - 2365 Words

As a young man growing up, I have had my share of hardships and difficulties with bullies and being bullied. My personal experiences of bulling started early in middle school and continued throughout junior high and high school. Given a small frame and statue, classmates would often create pranks targeting me. The pranks didn’t the start out as f bulling; name calling started early on my school career. Names such as four eyes, studderbox, nerd, mute, Steve Urkel, were just some of the many names I endured while in school. Entering high school as a freshmen was one of the most enjoyable and traumatic times as a young man. Going into high school with a new attitude, I thought the bulling was over. By the second week of school, I found†¦show more content†¦Jonathan Martin’s frustration stemmed from one and half football seasons of bullying and taunting from some of his teammates which had gone beyond the player hazing that sometimes occurs in NFL locker rooms (2 013). Rookie hazing is seen as a rite of passage in the National Football League teams. Stuart (2013) argues that athletic hazing is about team self-governance and is a potent tool to create a team hierarchy through fear and intimidation. She also argues that athletic hazing is part of maintaining masculinity and is perceived as a rite of passage to masculinity Looking at her analysis of hazing as the physical and psychological abuse of younger team members are by those who are more senior is humiliating but dangerous (Stuart 2013). Butryn (2003) prompted that intimidation, bullying, humiliation, and sexual violence are all intertwined into an acceptable template for male masculinity behavior. Waldron and Kowalski (2009) study of collegiate athletes resulted in athletes reporting engaging in risky, hazing behaviors because of the sport and the desire to be accepted by teammates encouraged hazing. From the headlines in social media and television, Jonathan Martin bullying continued into his second season while on the Miami Dolphins team. Canfora (2013) reported that the bulling as personal and different from what the rest of the dolphins team rookie class endured. Martin was verballyShow MoreRelatedBullying Is A National Tragedy That Claims The Lives Of1575 Words   |  7 PagesBullying is a national tragedy that claims the lives of thousands of young children and teenagers every year and even though there is national spotlight on the issue, there seems to be little done about it due to the constant ability to change around the old prevention methods and the expansion of loop-holes. The effects of bullying have deep emotional trauma because nobody likes to be circled out from a group and get picked on knowing that you’re always going to be the center of attention and hateRead MoreEssay on Bullying and Violence in Public Schools1365 Words   |  6 PagesBullying and Violence in Public Schools Although bullying has always been a problem in schools, it has more recently become a bigger crisis with vicious consequences. â€Å"However it is defined, bullying is not just child’s play, but a terrifying experience many schoolchildren face everyday. It can be as direct as teasing, hitting or threatening, or as indirect as exclusions, rumors or manipulation† (Garrett 2). Most kids do not think certain actions are classified as bullying, yet theyRead MoreThe Effects Of Hazing On High School Athletics1225 Words   |  5 Pagesclosely underlined in today’s society, it increases many concerns for the individuals that involved more importantly the program that will accept the consequences. The effect that the enrollment sizes of schools plays a hug role in the effect of hazing/bullying. However, it varies from the size usually at larger institutions you have to be able to create a perception that larger schools experience more situations than a smaller school. In addition the larger schools are often seen as a place where the studentsRead MoreEffects Of Bullying On Kids : Do Actions Speak Louder Than Words? How Much Harm?1620 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Bullying on Kids Do actions speak louder than words? How much harm can a word produce? Loser. Fatty. Nerd. Nobody. Worthless. Bullying has always been an issue in childhood and high school, but it isn t until this decade that the spotlight has really focused on the damage it produces in a child s life. In the past, adults just thought bullying was an innocent way kids expressed their feelings but now we have seen the true darkness in this problem. In 2007, almost a third of kids inRead More Bullying in Schools Essay1743 Words   |  7 PagesBullying in Schools Many people feel that some of the major issues that plague our schools are drug/alcohol use or violence, yet no one recognizes the significance of school bullying. For the victims of bullying, they go to school everyday facing harassment, taunting, and humiliation. For all potential educators, it is very important to realize that bullying is a problem, so that they can work to prevent it in the future. Since being at Middle School, I have realized how prevalentRead MoreProblems and Risks of Social Networking throughout the World916 Words   |  4 Pagesnetworks were made for communication, overcoming barriers like distance; however, it could also be that it is detrimental to communication and reduces basic communication skills. Trends indicate that 47 percent of American adults use a social network. A national survey in 2009 found that 73 percent of online teenagers use social network sites, which is an increase from 55 percent three years earlier. It’s no wonder our real world social lives are seeing some changes. We once used to communicate with a singleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Two Women Of Little Rock By David Margolick1245 Words   |  5 PagesBryan, follows behind her. Since then, our society has made some process with race relations and incidents like this are diminishing. Furthermore, Elizabeth possessed a lot of courage to tolerate an angry crowd when they are constantly yelling and bullying her at a young age. Although part of the angry crowd, Hazel Bryan cannot be held accountable for expressing any intentional hatred; she’s too young to understand what the right choice is and is influenced by those around her. The author of â€Å"Two WomenRead MoreThe Rise Of The Fascist Party Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesThere are multiple causes that allow The Fascist party to snake its way up to the top. A national social crisis has a portion in causing fascism to grow powerful. A national economic disaster is another part th at causes fascism to develop, even further. A charismatic leader creates a major chunk of causing fascism to rise to the top of the pyramid. A nation that is desperate to get back to normal is something that causes fascism to dominate the people’s minds. Fascism has a multitude of causes, ifRead MoreEssay on Title Vii1020 Words   |  5 Pagesto fail or refuse to hire or discharge an individual, or discriminate against him based upon his race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This law also states that an employer can’t segregate or classify employees/applicants in any way that would deprive an individual of employment opportunities because of an individual’s race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. Title VII applies to companies that have 15 or more employees that work 20 or more weeks a year and are involved in interstateRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Being Bullied As A Child2050 Words   |  9 Pagesor even your clothes? Or have you have mad e fun of someone because of their hair or clothes? Bullying is something that is active across the world, and it doesn t just happen in schools, it can happen anywhere at any time to anyone. We can all always do our best to prevent it but the outcome is very low. Statistics show that between the age of 5 and 7 is when bullying is very hot. In the article â€Å"Bullying at a young age† it states that â€Å"between these ages is when children are maturing and starting

Customer Experience Management of ALDI †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Customer Experience Management of ALDI. Answer: Introduction This is a report, which will depict thecustomer experience management of the organization named ALDI. The retail global market scenario is changing at a rapid arte and there is no loyalty among the consumers for a particular brand. The consumers are looking for best deals and supermarkets that are able to provide them with the best experience. ALDI is one such organization, which has gained popularity in the market due to the competitive prices and the level of service the hard working employees in the organization provide to the consumers (Peterson, 2016). The report will highlight different consumer personas, the research tools, surveys, interviews, customer-mapping experience, and competitor analysis of two rival companies named ALDI and Woolworths. Background ALDI is a German retailer of grocery chain, which started in Essen in the year of 1913. The organization expanded its business to Australia in the year of 2001 and initially its growth was slow as they faced heavy competition from the already established companies in the market. Woolworths and Coles have been the market leaders in the industry but the growth of ALDI in the past decade has been commendable as it was able to capture a huge amount of market share. This has been possible for the organization because of their aggressive marketing strategy, backward integration and customer experience management. The organization has been able to provide the customers with high quality of products at cheaper prices. These have facilitated in providing them with competitive advantage in the market. Thus, the organization will be able to maintain their long-term sustainability in the market (Welcome to ALDI, 2017). Customer Personas Innovator, relationship and analytical are the consumer personas that has been chosen for highlighting the perspective of the customers. The personas that are social and interactive can be acknowledged as relationship type. These types of personas are more focused on social interaction and they are not interested in the specification of the product. Thus, ALDI will have to use aggressive strategy for marketing if they want to grab the attention of this type of consumers. ALDI will have to use more promotional events and advertisements to grab the attention of these types of consumers. Moreover, the use of social media is also feasible for pursuing this type of consumers, as their level of social interaction is more (Schfer Klammer, 2016). The next type of personas can be acknowledged as the analytical personas and they pay more attention to their past experiences. They judge products based on the standards that have been developed in the market and they always set a benchmark before choosing a product. Thus, products that have been differentiated will have minimum affect on this consumer types. Thus, the products developed by the organization will have to meet all the industry standards as they will have a tendency of comparing the product with the other similar products in the market. Therefore, tradition marketing methods will be best suited for this type of personas as they have the tendency of evaluating the product by keeping in mind the industry standards. ALDI is known for providing their products under their own brand name. The qualities of the products they offer are similar to that of other competitors in the market but are priced cheaper. Thus, by maintaining the industry standards the organization will be able to retain these consumers (Vossen, Becker Kraume, 2017). The final type of personas that will be discussed are the innovators that are independent and flexible. They have a completely different kind of personality when compared to the previous kind of personas and can be easily pursued to grab their attention. The important factors for grabbing the attention of this type of consumer personas are creativity and innovation. Moreover, they prioritize these factors over any other features of the product. Thus, innovation in product promotion and product development is the key to acquire these kinds of consumer personas. According to various surveys, it can be said these kinds of consumer personas are eager to try out the new products that are launched in the market. Therefore, the organization has the best opportunity of grabbing the attention of this type of consumers as they are launching a new product in the market. Thus, the product should have a unique selling proposition with affordable price, which will enable them to grab the attention of the consumers in the market (Schfer Klammer,2015). Research Tools The research tools that are used for enhancing the experience of the customers are as follows: Mobile customer support: The internet consists of huge amount of information and most of the available data is irrelevant. Thus, providing consumer support is a suitable option for the organization as they prefer using mobiles. This will enable to provide a better experience to the consumers (Hamka et al., 2014). Omni channel support: The organization will have to provide the consumers with more options of communicating with the organization. Thus, the consumers will be able to choose their convenient mode of communication for conveying their grievances and queries to the organization. Thus, this will facilitate in providing the consumers with better satisfaction level (Verhoef, Kannan Inman, 2015). Social media support: The popularity of social media has increased rapidly and it has presented the consumers with the opportunity of interacting and giving suggestion to the organization. This will help to maintain transparency among the organization, which in turn will help in providing g the organization with better consumer experience (Fan Gordon, 2014). Self-service management: there are some general queries among the consumers, which will have to be provided on the website of the organization. This will help to save a lot of time for the consumers in the market. Live chat: live chat will help tom provide information to the clients according to their specific needs and wants. Thus, the organization will be able to provide the exact requirement according to their desired needs. Customer Interview Q1. What according to you is customer experiencemanagement? First Customer: The first customer stated that customer experience management is a strategy to measure the tracking details of the customers. The tracking can be of anything that is what product they are buying, what pricing range they prefers and what are the factors that attracts them to come for the next time. Second Customer: The second customers stated that organize every interaction between a customer and the organization is the major functionality of customer experience management. This interaction can be through social media or personal messages. Third Customer: According to this customer considering both conscious and subconscious perceptions of the customers for managing the relationship is the customer experience management. Company should address their nature to attend each customer and liable to make their experience worthy enough to attract them for next purchase. Fourth Customer: This customer believes that delivering exceptional service at every touch point with the customer is the major concern of an organization. It can be addressed as the sum of all the experiences a customer has with a business during their tenure time. Fifth Customer: The quality of an individual experience regarding the companys attitude towards their customers, quality of the products and the innovation they make for attracting the customers is important aspect for customer experience management. Q2. Do you think it customer experience management is important? First Customer: According to the first customer, product specification is most important and thus he believes that tracing products details and their buying behaviour will help them in maintaining and enhancing their customer base. Second Customer: This customer stated that customer experience management is important throughout the customer lifecycle as this will provide customer retention and profitability to the organization. Third Customer: This customer stated that customer experience management is important as it strengthen brand preference through differentiated experiences. This customer also believes that this management process improves customer loyalty and creates advocates. Fourth Customer: The experience management is crucial for an organization as it boost revenue with incremental sales from existing customers. It is also believed by this customer that if the existing customer gets satisfied, they can generate new sales from word of mouth. Fifth Customer: The different the experience provided by an organization to their customers, the greater will be the assurance that a customer will understand why that company is different from their competitors. Q3. How ALDI provides you customer experience and are you satisfied? First Customer: ALDI provides limited range of products that allow customer of every income group to purchase things from their organization. They also update their products and service initiatives through social media sites in order to update their customers. Second Customer: The quality of the products that ALDI is of premium quality and the price are also of reasonable price range. They also denies to store branded products like Coca-Cola that overlooks the ethical business procedures. Third Customer: The most important thing that ALSI always recruited good and talented employees. This customer believes that the way staff behaves with customers is an important factors and that is followed by ALDI. Fourth Customer: They have innovated not only their products but also their packaging. About 95% of ALDIs products are private label and these labels are eco-friendly. Thus, this customer believes that their products are less harmful to planer earth. Fifth Customer: This customer like that way ALDI tracks the information of their customers. They greet all the customers individually with the ongoing offers to attract all their customers. Existing Customer Data This figure shows that ALDI is the provider of best customer and the level of satisfaction of the consumer is the highest. When compared with the other competitors, the study suggests that Woolworths being the market leader is providing the consumer with least satisfactory service. Woolworths and Coles have the majority of the shares in the market in Australia but they are way behind in customer satisfaction level. However, ALDI is lagging behind in the variety of the products they are offering and so they will have to extend their product line to incorporate more products in their product line. The organization is growing at a rapid rate and extending of their product line will facilitate in acquiring more number of consumers. Moreover, the organization has the scope of improvement in the field of customer satisfaction and makes use of the above-mentioned tools. These tools will assist in providing better customer relationship management in to the organization (Anderson, 2015). Customer Map The customer experience map is used to depict the experience of consumers before, during and after the purchase of the product. The first mapping stage includes the experiences before the procurement. This will consist of need generation and initial consideration, which will highlight the need of the consumer and the options the customers have. The second mapping stage will include engagement and evaluation; the customer will engage in conversation with the service provider and evaluate the options. The final stage will include the moment of purchase, delivery installation and usage, which will depict the overall experience of customer from purchasing of the product until the usage of the product (Stringfellow, 2017). Relationship These personas will choose the products depending upon the relationship with the staffs and the organization. The consumer bought the product launched by the organization without any hesitation. However, the employees had to engage in conversations with the customer to convince her to purchase the product. The customer had a relatively satisfactory experience before the purchase of the product and felt that her need has been recognized in a proper way. During the purchase of the product the level of satisfaction among the consumers was good as she was able to evaluate the products in an effective way with the help of the staffs. However, the experience after the purchase of the product was not satisfactory for the customer as it could fulfil her explanation (Rahimi Kozak, 2017). Innovator The staff did not have to pursue the client to buy the products and they brought the product without any convincing from the staff. The experience of the consumer before and during the procurement was satisfactory. On the contrary, there consumer was not happy with product quality which could not meet the expected requirements. Analytical The consumer critically analyzed the product, which were accompanied by a lot of questions. This was the toughest of the consumers and the staff had a hard time in convincing the consumer to make the purchase of this product. However, the consumer was not satisfied with the reasoning provided by the staff and not at all happy with the quality of the product. Thus, the customer experience map shows that the consumer was not happy with the quality of the product. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded from the report that the organization will have to pay more focus on the changing the quality of the product they are offering. Customer experience management is one of the major factors in providing the organization with competitive advantage in the market. This will enable the organization to identify their weaknesses and the shortcomings which will help in improving the business model. The organization will have to pay more focus on the different types of the consumer personas to educate their staffs of dealing with them in better way. Thus, it can be concluded that the customer perspective will vary depending on the personas. References Anderson, E. (2015).Aldi and Lidl named world's top brands for shopping experience.Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/11983715/Aldi-and-Lidl-named-worlds-top-brands-for-shopping-experience.html Chung, F. (2015).Australias best supermarket revealed.NewsComAu. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/the-supermarket-switch-is-on-as-aldi-takes-top-award-in-customer-satisfaction/news-story/3ce35413bb26d01118190010c9cb0916 Fan, W., Gordon, M. D. (2014). The power of social media analytics.Communications of the ACM,57(6), 74-81. Hamka, F., Bouwman, H., De Reuver, M., Kroesen, M. (2014). Mobile customer segmentation based on smartphone measurement.Telematics and Informatics,31(2), 220-227. Peterson, H. (2016).Aldi is fixing is biggest weakness - and that should terrify Whole Foods.Business Insider. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.in/Aldi-is-fixing-is-biggest-weakness-and-that-should-terrify-Whole-Foods/articleshow/50702061.cms Rahimi, R., Kozak, M. (2017). Impact of customer relationship management on customer satisfaction: The case of a budget hotel chain.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,34(1), 40-51. Schfer, A., Klammer, J. (2015). Service-Dominant Logic in PracticeUsing Online Customer Communities and Personas.Marketing Review St. Gallen,32(5), 90-96. Schfer, A., Klammer, J. (2016). Service Dominant Logic in Practice: Applying Online Customer Communities and Personas for the Creation of Service Innovations.Management (18544223),11(3). Stringfellow, A. (2017).Ultimate Guide to Customer Experience Mapping: How to Map the CX from Start to Finish.NGDATA. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.ngdata.com/creating-a-customer-experience-map/ Verhoef, P. C., Kannan, P. K., Inman, J. J. (2015). From multi-channel retailing to omni-channel retailing: introduction to the special issue on multi-channel retailing.Journal of retailing,91(2), 174-181. Vossen, G., Becker, J., Kraume, K. (2017, November). Towards Efficient and Informative Omni-Channel Customer Relationship Management. InAdvances in Conceptual Modeling: ER 2017 Workshops AHA, MoBiD, MREBA, OntoCom, and QMMQ, Valencia, Spain, November 69, 2017, Proceedings(Vol. 10651, p. 69). Springer. Welcome to ALDI. (2017).Aldi.com. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.aldi.com/