Private and Public Spheres in Sociology

Within sociology, public and private spheres are thought of as two distinct realms in which people operate on a daily basis. The basic distinction between them is that the public sphere is the realm of politics where strangers come together to engage in the free exchange of ideas, and is open to everyone, whereas the private sphere is a smaller, typically enclosed realm (like a home) that is only open to those who have permission to enter it. Key Takeaways: Public and Private Spheres The distinction between public and private spheres dates back thousands of years, but the key contemporary text on the topic is a 1962 book by Jà ¼rgen Habermas.The public sphere is where the free discussion and debate of ideas occurs, and the private sphere is the realm of family life.Historically, women and people of color have often been excluded from participation in the public sphere in the United States. Origins of the Concept The concept of distinct public and private spheres can be traced back to the ancient Greeks, who defined the public as the political realm where the direction of society and its rules and laws were debated and decided upon. The private sphere was defined as the realm of the family. However, how we define this distinction within sociology has changed over time. Sociologists’ definition of the public and private spheres is largely a result of the work of  the German sociologist Jà ¼rgen Habermas, a student of  critical theory  and  the Frankfurt School. His 1962 book,  The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, is considered the key text on the matter. Public Sphere According to Habermas, the public sphere, as a place where the free exchange of ideas and debate happens, is the cornerstone of democracy. It is, he wrote, made up of private people gathered together as a public and articulating the needs of society with the state. From this public sphere grows a public authority that dictates the values, ideals, and goals of a given society. The will of the people is expressed within it and emerges out of it. As such, a public sphere must have no regard for the social status  of the participants, be focused on common concerns, and be inclusive—all can participate. In his book, Habermas argues that the public sphere actually took shape within the private sphere, as the practice of discussing literature, philosophy, and politics among family and guests became a common practice. As men started engaging in these debates outside of the home, these practices then left the private sphere and effectively created a public sphere. In 18th century Europe, the spread of coffeehouses across the continent and Britain created a place where the Western public sphere first took shape in modern time. There, men engaged in discussions of politics and markets, and much of what we know today as laws of property, trade, and the ideals of democracy were crafted in those spaces. Private Sphere On the flip side, the private sphere is the realm of family and home life that is, in theory, free of the influence of government and other social institutions. In this realm, ones responsibility is to oneself and the other members of ones household, and work and exchange can take place within the home in a way that is separate from the economy of the greater society. However, the boundary between the public and private sphere is not fixed; instead, it is flexible and permeable, and is always fluctuating and evolving. Gender, Race, and the Public Sphere Its important to note that women were almost uniformly excluded from participating in the public sphere when it first emerged, and so the private sphere, the home, was considered the womans realm. This distinction between the public and private spheres can help to explain why, historically, women had to fight for the right to vote in order to participate in politics, and why gender stereotypes about women belonging in the home linger today. In the United States, people of color have been excluded from participating in the public sphere as well. Though progress in terms of inclusion has been made over time, we see the lingering effects of historical exclusion in the over-representation of white men in the U.S. congress. Bibliography: Habermas, Jà ¼rgen. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Translated by Thomas Burger and Frederick Lawrence, MIT Press, 1989.Nordquist, Richard. â€Å"Public Sphere (Rhetoric).† ThoughtCo, 7 Mar. 2017. https://www.thoughtco.com/public-sphere-rhetoric-1691701Wigington, Patti. â€Å"The Cult of Domesticity: Definition and History.† ThoughtCo, 14 Aug. 2019. https://www.thoughtco.com/cult-of-domesticity-4694493 Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Sand Grouse Hydration Packs Executive Summary - 1703 Words

Jace Orio 4-11-15 Business Marketing Mr. Ramos Sand Grouse Hydration Packs Executive Summary The Sand Grouse company is preparing to launch a new line of hydration packs called Sand Grouse Hydration Packs. Although the market for hydration packs is maturing we believe our product is something special that customers haven t seen before. Sand Grouse’s slogan is â€Å"Get Outside and Hydrate† indicating that the company offers more than just a normal product but something that can always travel with you during your active lifestyle. Sand Grouse will target similar markets. Most of the markets being targeted will be markets where the consumer is active but also where the consumer is concerned with the environment. The primary†¦show more content†¦First-Year Objectives During the first year on the market, Sand Grouse Hydration Packs aim to achieve a 5 percent share of the hydration pack market, or approximately $100 thousand in sales, with break-even statues achieved in the final period of the year. With an average retail price $39.99, that equates with a sales goal of 2,500 packs. Second-Year Objectives During the second year, Sand Grouse will introduce a new hydration pack, including other variations of the new bag as well as the first. The second-year objective is to double our sales from the first year, to $200,000. Issues In lunching this new brand, the biggest issue I see is the ability to establish brand awareness as well as a strong brand image. Sand Grouse will invest in nontraditional and traditional promotion to accomplish the goals we have set. As a company we would also like to spark a word of mouth interactions between our costumers as well as

Bullying in the National Spotlight - 2365 Words

As a young man growing up, I have had my share of hardships and difficulties with bullies and being bullied. My personal experiences of bulling started early in middle school and continued throughout junior high and high school. Given a small frame and statue, classmates would often create pranks targeting me. The pranks didn’t the start out as f bulling; name calling started early on my school career. Names such as four eyes, studderbox, nerd, mute, Steve Urkel, were just some of the many names I endured while in school. Entering high school as a freshmen was one of the most enjoyable and traumatic times as a young man. Going into high school with a new attitude, I thought the bulling was over. By the second week of school, I found†¦show more content†¦Jonathan Martin’s frustration stemmed from one and half football seasons of bullying and taunting from some of his teammates which had gone beyond the player hazing that sometimes occurs in NFL locker rooms (2 013). Rookie hazing is seen as a rite of passage in the National Football League teams. Stuart (2013) argues that athletic hazing is about team self-governance and is a potent tool to create a team hierarchy through fear and intimidation. She also argues that athletic hazing is part of maintaining masculinity and is perceived as a rite of passage to masculinity Looking at her analysis of hazing as the physical and psychological abuse of younger team members are by those who are more senior is humiliating but dangerous (Stuart 2013). Butryn (2003) prompted that intimidation, bullying, humiliation, and sexual violence are all intertwined into an acceptable template for male masculinity behavior. Waldron and Kowalski (2009) study of collegiate athletes resulted in athletes reporting engaging in risky, hazing behaviors because of the sport and the desire to be accepted by teammates encouraged hazing. 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Customer Experience Management of ALDI †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Customer Experience Management of ALDI. Answer: Introduction This is a report, which will depict thecustomer experience management of the organization named ALDI. The retail global market scenario is changing at a rapid arte and there is no loyalty among the consumers for a particular brand. The consumers are looking for best deals and supermarkets that are able to provide them with the best experience. ALDI is one such organization, which has gained popularity in the market due to the competitive prices and the level of service the hard working employees in the organization provide to the consumers (Peterson, 2016). The report will highlight different consumer personas, the research tools, surveys, interviews, customer-mapping experience, and competitor analysis of two rival companies named ALDI and Woolworths. Background ALDI is a German retailer of grocery chain, which started in Essen in the year of 1913. The organization expanded its business to Australia in the year of 2001 and initially its growth was slow as they faced heavy competition from the already established companies in the market. Woolworths and Coles have been the market leaders in the industry but the growth of ALDI in the past decade has been commendable as it was able to capture a huge amount of market share. This has been possible for the organization because of their aggressive marketing strategy, backward integration and customer experience management. The organization has been able to provide the customers with high quality of products at cheaper prices. These have facilitated in providing them with competitive advantage in the market. Thus, the organization will be able to maintain their long-term sustainability in the market (Welcome to ALDI, 2017). Customer Personas Innovator, relationship and analytical are the consumer personas that has been chosen for highlighting the perspective of the customers. The personas that are social and interactive can be acknowledged as relationship type. These types of personas are more focused on social interaction and they are not interested in the specification of the product. Thus, ALDI will have to use aggressive strategy for marketing if they want to grab the attention of this type of consumers. ALDI will have to use more promotional events and advertisements to grab the attention of these types of consumers. Moreover, the use of social media is also feasible for pursuing this type of consumers, as their level of social interaction is more (Schfer Klammer, 2016). The next type of personas can be acknowledged as the analytical personas and they pay more attention to their past experiences. They judge products based on the standards that have been developed in the market and they always set a benchmark before choosing a product. Thus, products that have been differentiated will have minimum affect on this consumer types. Thus, the products developed by the organization will have to meet all the industry standards as they will have a tendency of comparing the product with the other similar products in the market. Therefore, tradition marketing methods will be best suited for this type of personas as they have the tendency of evaluating the product by keeping in mind the industry standards. ALDI is known for providing their products under their own brand name. The qualities of the products they offer are similar to that of other competitors in the market but are priced cheaper. Thus, by maintaining the industry standards the organization will be able to retain these consumers (Vossen, Becker Kraume, 2017). The final type of personas that will be discussed are the innovators that are independent and flexible. They have a completely different kind of personality when compared to the previous kind of personas and can be easily pursued to grab their attention. The important factors for grabbing the attention of this type of consumer personas are creativity and innovation. Moreover, they prioritize these factors over any other features of the product. Thus, innovation in product promotion and product development is the key to acquire these kinds of consumer personas. According to various surveys, it can be said these kinds of consumer personas are eager to try out the new products that are launched in the market. Therefore, the organization has the best opportunity of grabbing the attention of this type of consumers as they are launching a new product in the market. Thus, the product should have a unique selling proposition with affordable price, which will enable them to grab the attention of the consumers in the market (Schfer Klammer,2015). Research Tools The research tools that are used for enhancing the experience of the customers are as follows: Mobile customer support: The internet consists of huge amount of information and most of the available data is irrelevant. Thus, providing consumer support is a suitable option for the organization as they prefer using mobiles. This will enable to provide a better experience to the consumers (Hamka et al., 2014). Omni channel support: The organization will have to provide the consumers with more options of communicating with the organization. Thus, the consumers will be able to choose their convenient mode of communication for conveying their grievances and queries to the organization. Thus, this will facilitate in providing the consumers with better satisfaction level (Verhoef, Kannan Inman, 2015). Social media support: The popularity of social media has increased rapidly and it has presented the consumers with the opportunity of interacting and giving suggestion to the organization. This will help to maintain transparency among the organization, which in turn will help in providing g the organization with better consumer experience (Fan Gordon, 2014). Self-service management: there are some general queries among the consumers, which will have to be provided on the website of the organization. This will help to save a lot of time for the consumers in the market. Live chat: live chat will help tom provide information to the clients according to their specific needs and wants. Thus, the organization will be able to provide the exact requirement according to their desired needs. Customer Interview Q1. What according to you is customer experiencemanagement? First Customer: The first customer stated that customer experience management is a strategy to measure the tracking details of the customers. The tracking can be of anything that is what product they are buying, what pricing range they prefers and what are the factors that attracts them to come for the next time. Second Customer: The second customers stated that organize every interaction between a customer and the organization is the major functionality of customer experience management. This interaction can be through social media or personal messages. Third Customer: According to this customer considering both conscious and subconscious perceptions of the customers for managing the relationship is the customer experience management. Company should address their nature to attend each customer and liable to make their experience worthy enough to attract them for next purchase. Fourth Customer: This customer believes that delivering exceptional service at every touch point with the customer is the major concern of an organization. It can be addressed as the sum of all the experiences a customer has with a business during their tenure time. Fifth Customer: The quality of an individual experience regarding the companys attitude towards their customers, quality of the products and the innovation they make for attracting the customers is important aspect for customer experience management. Q2. Do you think it customer experience management is important? First Customer: According to the first customer, product specification is most important and thus he believes that tracing products details and their buying behaviour will help them in maintaining and enhancing their customer base. Second Customer: This customer stated that customer experience management is important throughout the customer lifecycle as this will provide customer retention and profitability to the organization. Third Customer: This customer stated that customer experience management is important as it strengthen brand preference through differentiated experiences. This customer also believes that this management process improves customer loyalty and creates advocates. Fourth Customer: The experience management is crucial for an organization as it boost revenue with incremental sales from existing customers. It is also believed by this customer that if the existing customer gets satisfied, they can generate new sales from word of mouth. Fifth Customer: The different the experience provided by an organization to their customers, the greater will be the assurance that a customer will understand why that company is different from their competitors. Q3. How ALDI provides you customer experience and are you satisfied? First Customer: ALDI provides limited range of products that allow customer of every income group to purchase things from their organization. They also update their products and service initiatives through social media sites in order to update their customers. Second Customer: The quality of the products that ALDI is of premium quality and the price are also of reasonable price range. They also denies to store branded products like Coca-Cola that overlooks the ethical business procedures. Third Customer: The most important thing that ALSI always recruited good and talented employees. This customer believes that the way staff behaves with customers is an important factors and that is followed by ALDI. Fourth Customer: They have innovated not only their products but also their packaging. About 95% of ALDIs products are private label and these labels are eco-friendly. Thus, this customer believes that their products are less harmful to planer earth. Fifth Customer: This customer like that way ALDI tracks the information of their customers. They greet all the customers individually with the ongoing offers to attract all their customers. Existing Customer Data This figure shows that ALDI is the provider of best customer and the level of satisfaction of the consumer is the highest. When compared with the other competitors, the study suggests that Woolworths being the market leader is providing the consumer with least satisfactory service. Woolworths and Coles have the majority of the shares in the market in Australia but they are way behind in customer satisfaction level. However, ALDI is lagging behind in the variety of the products they are offering and so they will have to extend their product line to incorporate more products in their product line. The organization is growing at a rapid rate and extending of their product line will facilitate in acquiring more number of consumers. Moreover, the organization has the scope of improvement in the field of customer satisfaction and makes use of the above-mentioned tools. These tools will assist in providing better customer relationship management in to the organization (Anderson, 2015). Customer Map The customer experience map is used to depict the experience of consumers before, during and after the purchase of the product. The first mapping stage includes the experiences before the procurement. This will consist of need generation and initial consideration, which will highlight the need of the consumer and the options the customers have. The second mapping stage will include engagement and evaluation; the customer will engage in conversation with the service provider and evaluate the options. The final stage will include the moment of purchase, delivery installation and usage, which will depict the overall experience of customer from purchasing of the product until the usage of the product (Stringfellow, 2017). Relationship These personas will choose the products depending upon the relationship with the staffs and the organization. The consumer bought the product launched by the organization without any hesitation. However, the employees had to engage in conversations with the customer to convince her to purchase the product. The customer had a relatively satisfactory experience before the purchase of the product and felt that her need has been recognized in a proper way. During the purchase of the product the level of satisfaction among the consumers was good as she was able to evaluate the products in an effective way with the help of the staffs. However, the experience after the purchase of the product was not satisfactory for the customer as it could fulfil her explanation (Rahimi Kozak, 2017). Innovator The staff did not have to pursue the client to buy the products and they brought the product without any convincing from the staff. The experience of the consumer before and during the procurement was satisfactory. On the contrary, there consumer was not happy with product quality which could not meet the expected requirements. Analytical The consumer critically analyzed the product, which were accompanied by a lot of questions. This was the toughest of the consumers and the staff had a hard time in convincing the consumer to make the purchase of this product. However, the consumer was not satisfied with the reasoning provided by the staff and not at all happy with the quality of the product. Thus, the customer experience map shows that the consumer was not happy with the quality of the product. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded from the report that the organization will have to pay more focus on the changing the quality of the product they are offering. Customer experience management is one of the major factors in providing the organization with competitive advantage in the market. This will enable the organization to identify their weaknesses and the shortcomings which will help in improving the business model. The organization will have to pay more focus on the different types of the consumer personas to educate their staffs of dealing with them in better way. Thus, it can be concluded that the customer perspective will vary depending on the personas. References Anderson, E. (2015).Aldi and Lidl named world's top brands for shopping experience.Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/11983715/Aldi-and-Lidl-named-worlds-top-brands-for-shopping-experience.html Chung, F. (2015).Australias best supermarket revealed.NewsComAu. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/the-supermarket-switch-is-on-as-aldi-takes-top-award-in-customer-satisfaction/news-story/3ce35413bb26d01118190010c9cb0916 Fan, W., Gordon, M. D. (2014). The power of social media analytics.Communications of the ACM,57(6), 74-81. Hamka, F., Bouwman, H., De Reuver, M., Kroesen, M. (2014). Mobile customer segmentation based on smartphone measurement.Telematics and Informatics,31(2), 220-227. Peterson, H. (2016).Aldi is fixing is biggest weakness - and that should terrify Whole Foods.Business Insider. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.in/Aldi-is-fixing-is-biggest-weakness-and-that-should-terrify-Whole-Foods/articleshow/50702061.cms Rahimi, R., Kozak, M. (2017). Impact of customer relationship management on customer satisfaction: The case of a budget hotel chain.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,34(1), 40-51. Schfer, A., Klammer, J. (2015). Service-Dominant Logic in PracticeUsing Online Customer Communities and Personas.Marketing Review St. Gallen,32(5), 90-96. Schfer, A., Klammer, J. (2016). Service Dominant Logic in Practice: Applying Online Customer Communities and Personas for the Creation of Service Innovations.Management (18544223),11(3). Stringfellow, A. (2017).Ultimate Guide to Customer Experience Mapping: How to Map the CX from Start to Finish.NGDATA. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.ngdata.com/creating-a-customer-experience-map/ Verhoef, P. C., Kannan, P. K., Inman, J. J. (2015). From multi-channel retailing to omni-channel retailing: introduction to the special issue on multi-channel retailing.Journal of retailing,91(2), 174-181. Vossen, G., Becker, J., Kraume, K. (2017, November). Towards Efficient and Informative Omni-Channel Customer Relationship Management. InAdvances in Conceptual Modeling: ER 2017 Workshops AHA, MoBiD, MREBA, OntoCom, and QMMQ, Valencia, Spain, November 69, 2017, Proceedings(Vol. 10651, p. 69). Springer. Welcome to ALDI. (2017).Aldi.com. Retrieved 10 November 2017, from https://www.aldi.com/

The Walt Disney Company and Diversification Essay Example

The Walt Disney Company and Diversification Essay Disneyland and Citigroup Vanshika Vanshika. [emailprotected] edu. in (0-8098530866) â€Å"For a company that has taken its original or main business as far as it can go, diversification as a means of channeling surplus resources should certainly be considered. For a company that has not yet developed its main business to the full potential, however, diversification is probably one of the riskiest strategic choices that can be made. – Kenichi Ohmae, Former Head of McKinsey Co’s Tokyo Corporate diversification refers to companies pursuing several unrelated lines of businesses as a strategy for reducing business risk without (hopefully) affecting returns. Diversification has its own benefit for the companies some of which can be strategic while others may be purely financial in nature. There are a few reasons why companies choose to diversify – 1. Synergy – When companies merge, they can best utilize their resources to reduce operating costs. Better managem ent practices from a high end to low end can be shared in business for overall growth. Through pooled financial resources and risks, efficiencies can be enhanced. 2. Market Power – There is high chance of an increase in market share with two companies coming together but it may not result to increased profits. 3. Profit Stability – With core business being seasonal, it ensures that other business could lead to better stability in terms of corporate profits. 4. Financial Performance – It improves as the core business sustains itself on its money making ventures and utilizes that cash flow to form new ventures that cause additional profits. 5. Growth – It is a principle reason for diversification which is quick due to pooled in technology and experience. It definitely makes more sense to diversify when the core product line has an uncertain future. Also, it indicates that the market risks get spread with diversification. History has shown success is not guaranteed with diversification. While companies like GE successfully diversified, making turbojet engines to healthcare products, many others like Citigroup failed miserably at their attempt. This article takes a couple of examples from the corporate history for better understanding of the issue. We will write a custom essay sample on The Walt Disney Company and Diversification specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Walt Disney Company and Diversification specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Walt Disney Company and Diversification specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Walt Disney Company Disney means much more to its customers than just the amusement parks, movies, TV shows or books. Disney is the seamless synergies of its crazily diverse businesses. Their thoughtful diversification strategies have built them loyal customers, even the smallest ones, for whom there is no substitute to Disney products. They began diversifying very early from 1930s. They diversified from movies and cartoons into music. Their synergistic diversification of utilizing the best of technology in market to their benefit created a tremendous impact on the world of entertainment and motion pictures. They came up with the theme park concept which is the synergy between diverse businesses. Disneyland was far ahead on Porter’s philosophy of the attributes present in successful diversification efforts. What they did not lose while diversification and ultimately helped them being successful in diversification were their features. First, ‘Control‘over their characters that they retained. ‘Leadership’, which was quite innovative helped them focus on synergies. Hence, Disney understands diversification properly. Their creative use of diversification holds the potential of building a huge amount of shareholder value. Citigroup The combination of Citicorp and Travelers Group to form Citigroup had its set of downfall of the merger. Loss of synergies due to restructuring of Citigroup led to competitors of each individual group not participating with them. There was also lack of guarantee that the new relationship would work better and in their favor. Due to ethical dilemma to share the database of each other’s customers’ history, it perceived high risk. It was important to not misuse the customers’ profile and asset information to avoid diseconomies of scale. Another pitfall came from the conflicts in the interests of the two individual companies where they incurred huge losses on big money making deals due to less profitable customers. A significant loss in efficiency due to product bundling makes us rethink about it. Each company may have had better pre-merger prices of their business which could have attracted more customers rather than post merger price which would be high due to additional switching costs. Lastly, the Chiefs from different branches may have different goals and opinions to make it big. The discomfort in case of Citigroup during the formation of new co-CEOs likely led to an advantage to their competitors. Thus, we have seen two cases above illustrating benefits and downfalls of getting into the idea of diversification. It may not be right to say that diversification will always guarantee a success or a failure but it is restrained to a lot of factors which if suitably analyzed, can help a company decide whether to diversify or not. It seems that cross selling can be a nice idea to see success, where one of them possesses high capital customers and another has more products to offer References – Grant Robert M. – Strategic Management 6th Edition Pg 393 http://www. mgmtguru. com/mgt499/TN8. htm http://faculty. haas. berkeley. edu/meghan/299/Case_analysis_Disney2. pdf Biles Lee, Julian Isaac, Tristan Sergio – Citigroup A paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course of Managerial Economics (Fall 2002)

Finding a Friend essays

Finding a Friend essays It was a hot and humid June day in Georgia; the kind of typical summer weather that leads to violent thunderstorms in the late afternoon. With the drought we had been experiencing, however, our last good rainfall was two months prior. I was pushing the speed limit, and then some, as I barreled down the road. Even with the windows of my car fully down, the hot air smacked my face like the heat of an oven. I was late, and I hate being late, especially when I first meet people. I was following the directions Amy had given me to her house, but when they called for me to turn off the main road onto a rutted dirt road, I hesitated. I stopped the car and did a double take between the directions and the street sign to make sure they were right. Everything looked okay, so I put up my windows, and proceeded down the dry dirt road at a much more leisurely pace, as to minimize the amount of dust I kicked up. I traveled down that road for about a mile, and when it curved to travel around a small lake, I saw what had to be her house. The only one on the road, cedar shingles, and a small pickup truck parked in the driveway. As I parked my car behind the pickup, and made my way up to the front porch, I heard a dog barking from the backyard. When I rang the bell, a teenage boy in a bathing suit, and still wet and dripping, greeted me. Is Amy here? I asked, but before he could reply, I heard Im up here quickly followed by her feet pounding down the stairs. She, too, looked like she had just finished swimming, wearing only a pair of shorts over her suit. Her hair was tied back attractively into a ponytail where the ends of it left a tiny rill of water down her shoulder. Hi, She said breathlessly as she bounced to a halt in front of me. ready? Oh, this is my brother Tim. She turned and pointed to the boy who greeted me at the door, I do hope she ...

MOVIE REFLECTIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MOVIE REFLECTIONS - Essay Example Rochel on the other hand gets tired of her family pushing her to their tradition and moves out of their house only to see how the liberated women dance and sleep around with men they do not even know well. She returns to her family and continues with the matchmaking, unknowing that her Muslim friend helped slip her dream man’s resume to her aunt who was in charge of the finding her a husband. Consequently, the two women get married and they bear their own children. Their friendship continues and they still find time to fellowship with each other. The Muslim and Jewish traditions were strict in arranged marriages. Both parties did not have the right to choose the person they are going to marry because they have to honor their parents who worked hard to find the best partners for them while they were still young. However, in the film, some modifications were made in order to adapt to the modernization of cultures. When Nasira told his parents that she did not like the man who went to ask her hand in marriage, they tried to understand her and consider her feelings and choice. They waited for the right man to come along. Similarly in the Jewish tradition, marriages are arranged even while the parties are still unable to understand the concept of marriage so that when they meet for the engagement; that would most probably be the first time they are going to see each other. Before, they would not be able to say no to their parents because they do not like to shame their families. However, as portrayed in the film, the Jews have adjusted to the modern concept of freedom to choose. Matchmakers find probable prospects for the woman who is to be married and the family gives their blessings for a date until the woman is able to find the right man to marry. The strong Jewish family bond is used to manipulate an uncooperative daughter like Rochel. Her mother threatened her with her father’s health conditions